Examples of government-owned corporation in the following topics:
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- A government-owned corporation, also known as a state-owned company, state enterprise, publicly owned corporation, or commercial government agency, is a legal entity created by a government to undertake commercial activities on behalf of the government.
- In some cases, government-owned corporations are considered part of the government, and are directly controlled by it.
- In other instances, government-owned corporations are similar to private enterprises except that the government is the majority stockholder.
- In the United States, there is a specific subset of government-owned corporations known as government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs).
- Differentiate between a government-owned corporation, a government-sponsored enterprise, and organizations chartered by the government that provide public services
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- Tax avoidance is the legal utilization of the tax regime to one's own advantage, to reduce the amount of tax that is payable by means that are within the law.
- In 2010, taxes collected by federal, state and municipal governments amounted to 24.8% of GDP .
- Rather than W-2 wage earners and corporations, small business and sole proprietorship employees contribute to the tax gap, because there are few ways for the government to know about skimming or non-reporting of income without mounting more significant investigations.
- This graph shows the revenue the U.S. government has made purely from income tax, in relation to all taxes.
- Describe the legal and illegal ways individuals and corporations avoid paying some or all taxes owed
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- Berle argued that the unaccountable directors of companies were therefore apt to funnel the fruits of enterprise profits into their own pockets, as well as manage in their own interests.
- Since they are the new planners, corporations detest risk.
- They recruit governments to serve their interests with fiscaland monetary policy.
- Today, the formation of private bureaucracies within the private corporate entities has created their own regulations and practices.
- Adolf Berle, in The Modern Corporation and Private Property, argued that the separation of control of companies from the investors who were meant to own them endangered the American economy and led to a unequal distribution of wealth.
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- News Corporation, Time Warner, Viacom and CBS Corporation round out the top 5.
- A media conglomerate is a company that owns large numbers of companies in various mass media including television, radio and publishing.
- News Corporation, Time Warner, Viacom and CBS Corporation round out the top 5.
- Other major players are NBCUniversal and Sony Corporation of America.
- For example, the complete ban of advertising to children under 12 imposed by the Swedish government in 1991.
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- Since the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, privately owned Russia-based multinational corporations, including producers of petroleum, natural gas, and metal have, in the view of some analysts, become oligarchs.
- Governments tend to fall between traditionally democratic and non-democratic forms.
- These forms of government are usually distinguished based on who controls the state, how that authority is justified, and in what ways leaders and governments are structurally organized based on these justifications.
- These people could be distinguished by royalty, wealth, family ties, education, corporate, or military control.
- Aristocracy is a form of government in which a few elite citizens rule.
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- Lobbying is done by many different types of people and organized groups, including individuals in the private sector, corporations, fellow legislators or government officials, or advocacy groups (interest groups).
- Lobbying is often spoken of with contempt when the implication is that people with inordinate socioeconomic power are corrupting the law in order to serve their own interest.
- Governments often define and regulate organized group lobbying.
- An advocacy group is a group or an organization that tries to influence the government, but does not hold power in the government.
- Watchdog groups provide oversight and rating of actions or media by various outlets, both government and corporate.
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- They may also be issued by private non-profit organizations such as foundations, not-for-profit corporations or charitable trusts.
- Federal grants are defined and governed by the Federal Grant and Cooperative Agreement Act of 1977.
- When the government is procuring goods or services for its own direct benefit, and not for a broader public purpose, the law requires use of a federal contract.
- Block grants—large grants provided by the federal government to state or local governments for use in a general purpose.
- Project grants—grants given by the government to fund research projects, such as medical research.
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- How can politicians proclaim that the era of big government is over while providing the increase in government services that people expect?
- With 16.2 million state and local government workers, the federal government does not need to hire approximately 4.05 million workers to carry out its policies.
- This proliferation of managers creates thickening government.
- Small government is government which minimizes its own activities, particularly bureaucratic "red tape. " Red tape is excessive regulation or rigid conformity to formal rules that is considered redundant or bureaucratic and hinders or prevents action or decision-making.
- It is usually applied to governments, corporations, and other large organizations.
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- However, the actual development and implementation of policies are under the purview of different bureaucratic institutions mainly comprised cabinet departments, independent executive agencies, government corporations, and regulatory agencies.
- Postal Service and Amtrak (the national rail passenger system) are government corporations.
- To help them make ends meet, Congress may give government corporations a legal monopoly over given services, provide subsidies, or both.
- Government corporations are more autonomous in policymaking than most agencies.
- Differentiate between cabinet departments, independent executive agencies, government corporation, and regulatory agencies in making policy
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- Government debt is the debt owed by a central government.
- Governments usually borrow by issuing securities, government bonds, and bills.
- Government deficit, on the other hand, refers to a situation when the government's expenses, including its purchases of goods and services, its transfers (grants) to individuals and corporations, and its net interest payments, exceed its tax revenues.
- In the United States, taxes are imposed on net income of individuals and corporations by the federal, most state, and some local governments.
- Debt held by the public includes Treasury securities held by investors outside the federal government, including that held by individuals, corporations, the Federal Reserve System and foreign, state and local governments.