employers' organization

Examples of employers' organization in the following topics:

• The Powers of Local Government

  • The US Census Bureau conducts the Census of Governments every five years to compile statistics on government organization, public employment, and government finances.
  • County governments are organized local governments authorized in state constitutions and statutes.
  • Town or township governments are organized local governments authorized in the state constitutions and statutes of states, established to provide general government for a defined area, generally based on the geographic subdivision of a county.
  • Municipal governments are organized local governments authorized in state constitutions and statutes, established to provide general government for a defined area, generally corresponding to a population center rather than one of a set of areas into which a county is divided.

• Business and Labor in the Economy

  • The late nineteenth century saw many governments starting to address questions surrounding the relationship between business and labor, primarily through labor law or employment law.
  • Labor law is the body of laws, administrative rulings, and precedents which address the legal rights of, and restrictions on, working people and their organizations.
  • As such, it mediates many aspects of the relationship between trade unions, employers, and employees.
  • Labor law arose due to the demand for workers to have better conditions, the right to organize, or, alternatively, the right to work without joining a labor union, and the simultaneous demands of employers to restrict the powers of the many organizations of workers and to keep labor costs low.
  • Workers' organizations, such as trade unions, can also transcend purely industrial disputes and gain political power.

• Employment Policy

  • Federal law not only sets the standards that govern workers' rights to organize in the private sector, but also overrides most state and local laws that attempt to regulate this area.
  • Federal and state laws protect workers from employment discrimination.
  • For the most part, the NLRA and RLA displace state laws that attempt to regulate the right to organize, to strike and to engage in collective bargaining.
  • In addition, a number of states have modified the general rule that employment is at will by holding that employees may, under that state's common law, have implied contract rights to fair treatment by their employers.
  • Illustrate how employment policy is driven by federal, state and local law

• Business and Economic Interest Groups

  • Interest groups represent people or organizations with common concerns and interests.
  • Business interest groups generally promote corporate or employer interests.
  • Companies and organizations will also come together in larger groups to work together on general business interests.
  • Umbrella organizations such as the US Chambers of Commerce (USCC) work around general business interests.
  • Identify the organization and purpose of business and economic interest groups

• Civil Rights of Immigrants

  • For example, in the second half of the 1800s, the Irish population in the U.S. exploded, and anti-Irish sentiment resulted in a plethora of discriminatory practices in housing, employment, and governance.
  • Discrimination in housing, employment, and education is legally prohibited, but continues to impact many immigrants, especially those who may be vulnerable due to a language barrier or their economic status.
  • Mexican-American immigrants have organized many political demonstrations to protest the exploitation of workers, discrimination in education and employment, and heavy-handed criminal justice enforcement against illegal immigrants.

• Health Care Policy

  • Health care in the United States is provided by many distinct organizations.
  • Their family member's employer insures most of the population under 65, some buy health insurance on their own, and the remainder is uninsured.
  • It provides a number of mechanisms—including mandates, subsidies, and tax credits—to employers and individuals in order to increase the coverage rate.
  • Most Americans under age 65 (59.3%) receive their health insurance coverage through an employer (which includes both private as well as civilian public-sector employers) under group coverage, although this percentage is declining.
  • Workers with employer-sponsored insurance also contribute; in 2007, the average percentage of premium paid by covered workers is 16% for single coverage and 28% for family coverage.

• Lobbying Scandals and the Reforms of 2007

  • Prohibits senior House staff from lobbying their former office or committee for one year after they leave House employment.
  • Prohibits members of Congress and their staff from influencing hiring decisions of private organizations on the sole basis of partisan political gain.
  • Requires the disclosure of businesses or organizations that contribute more than 15,000 semiannually in campaign contributions for any federal elected official, candidate (including Senate, House and Presidential), or leadership PAC.
  • Prohibits members from engaging in any agreements or negotiations about future employment until a successor has been selected unless the member files a statement with the Committee on Standards of Official Conduct; and requires that members recuse themselves from any matter in which there is a conflict of interest or appearance of a conflict.
  • Requires senior staff to notify the Committee on Standards of Official Conduct within three days if they engage in negotiations or agreements for future employment or compensation.

• Civil Rights of People with Disabilities

  • The disability rights movement became organized in the 1960s, concurrent with the African-American civil rights movement and feminist movement.
  • Prior to the 1960s, individual disability groups had advocated for social reform; schools for the deaf and blind were organized as early as 1817, and the American Federation of the Physically Handicapped was formed in 1940 to advocate on behalf of people with physical limitations.
  • It mandated that local, state, and federal governments and programs be accessible to people with disabilities, that employers with more than 15 employees make "reasonable accommodations" for workers with disabilities and not discriminate against otherwise qualified workers on the basis of disability, and that public spaces such as restaurants and stores make "reasonable modifications" to ensure accessibility.

• The Feminist Movement

  • One of the most important organizations that formed out of the women's rights movement is the National Organization for Women (NOW).
  • Established in 1966 and currently the largest feminist organization in the United States, NOW works to secure political, professional, and educational equality for women.
  • In a series of decisions, the Supreme Court has ruled that employers are responsible for maintaining a harassment-free workplace.
  • It has also led to increased employment opportunities for women at more equitable wages, as well as broad access to university educations.
  • Marxist feminism argues that capitalism is the root cause of women's oppression, and that discrimination against women in domestic life and employment is an effect of capitalist ideologies.

• Universal Coverage

  • It is organized to provide a specified package of benefits to all members of a society with the end goal of providing financial risk protection, improved access to health services, and improved health outcomes.
  • Other countries have a much more pluralistic delivery system of obligatory health insurance, with contributory rates based on salaries or income and usually funded jointly by employers and beneficiaries .
  • Sometimes the healthcare funds are derived from a combination of insurance premiums, salary-based mandatory contributions by employees and/or employers to regulated sickness funds, and by government taxes.