budget

Examples of budget in the following topics:

• Budget Resolutions

  • Congress must create an annual budget resolution in response to the President's budget request according to the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 (also known as the Congressional Budget Act) .
  • The budget resolution establishes budget totals, allocations, entitlements, and sometimes includes reconciliation instructions to certain House or Senate committees.
  • April 15th is the target date for congressional adoption of the budget resolution set by the Congressional Budget Act.
  • In some instances, Congress has not adopted a budget resolution.
  • The Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 (Congressional Budget Act), created during the Nixon administration, established the current budget resolution process.

• Preparing the Budget

  • The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) performs key tasks in preparing the presidential budget request that is submitted to Congress.
  • A great deal of preparation goes into the president's budget request submission, which is entitled, Budget of the U.S.
  • The structure of the OMB facilitates the preparation of the budget and the later submission of that budget to Congress.
  • The Office of Management and Budget plays a key role in preparing the president's budget request to Congress.
  • Summarize the key role played by the Office of Management and Budget in shaping the President's budget request

• The Cost of Maintaining the Government

  • Each year in March, the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) publishes an analysis of the President's budget proposals.
  • The Houseand Senate Budget Committees begin consideration of the President's budget proposals in February and March.
  • The Budget committees each submit a budget resolution by April 1.
  • The United States House Committee on the Budget and the United States Senate Committee on the Budget are responsible for drafting budget resolutions.
  • The Office of Management and Budget plays a key role in preparing the president's budget request to Congress.

• The Election Year Budget

  • The Budget of the United States Government often begins as the President's proposal to the U.S.
  • However, Congress is the body required by law to pass a budget annually and to submit the budget passed by both houses to the President for signature.
  • The annual budget deficit is the difference between actual cash collections and budgeted spending (a partial measure of total spending) during a given fiscal year, which runs from October 1 to September 30.
  • The 1996 United States federal budget was the United States federal budget to fund government operations for the fiscal year 1996, which was October 1995 – September 1996.
  • This budget request is President Obama’s first on-time budget proposal since 2011.

• The Budgeting Process

  • Each year, the President of the United States submits his budget request to Congress.
  • The Budget of the United States Government often begins as the President's proposal to the U.S.
  • However, Congress is the body required by law to pass a budget annually and to submit the budget passed by both houses to the President for signature.
  • Several government agencies provide budget data and analysis.
  • These include the Government Accountability Office (GAO), Congressional Budget Office, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) and the U.S.

• Authorization and Appropriation

  • The budget resolution adopted by Congress provides a blueprint for later authorization and appropriations measures.
  • Meanwhile, appropriations acts provide new budget authority for programs, activities, and agencies that have been authorized by authorization committees.
  • An unauthorized appropriation is a new budget authority for agencies or programs either without authorization or where the budget authority exceeds the authorized ceiling.

• Sunset Laws

  • The Congressional Budget Act governs the role of Congress in the budget process.
  • Among other provisions, it affects Senate rules of debate during the budget reconciliation, not least by preventing the use of the filibuster against the budget resolutions.
  • The Byrd rule was adopted in 1985 and amended in 1990 to modify the Budget Act and is contained in section 313.

• The Executive Office of the President

  • Ballpark estimates indicate some 2,000 to 2,500 persons serve in Executive Office of the President staff positions with policy-making responsibilities, with a budget of 300 to 400 million.
  • The EOP encompassed two subunits at its outset: the White House Office (WHO) and the Bureau of the Budget, the predecessor to today's Office of Management and Budget (OMB), which had been created in 1921 and originally located in the Treasury Department.
  • The main job of the OMB is to assist the President to prepare the budget.
  • Precise estimates as to the size and budget of the EOP are difficult to come by.
  • Ballpark estimates indicate some 2,000 to 2,500 persons serve in EOP staff positions with policy-making responsibilities, with a budget of 300 to 400 million dollars.

• Fiscal Policy and Policy Making

  • In economics and political science, fiscal policy is the use of government budget or revenue collection (taxation) and expenditure (spending) to influence economic.
  • Government spending is fully funded by tax revenue and overall the budget outcome has a neutral effect on the level of economic activity.
  • Thus, for example, a government budget that is balanced over the course of the business cycle is considered to represent a neutral fiscal policy stance.

• The Staff System

  • The various types of congressional staff are as follows: personal staff, who work for individual members of Congress; committee staff, who serve either the majority or minority on congressional committees; leadership staff, who work for the speaker, majority and minority leaders, and the majority and minority whips; institutional staff, who include the majority and minority party floor staff and non-partisan staff; and the support agency staff, who are the non-partisan employees of the Congressional Research Service (CRS), Congressional Budget Office (CBO), and Government Accountability Office (GAO).
  • Differentiate between the roles of different congressional staff; in the Congressional Research Service, Congressional Budget Office, and Government Accountability Office