uterine arteries

Examples of uterine arteries in the following topics:

• Trophoblast Development

  • Some of the trophoblast even replaces the endothelial cells in the uterine spiral arteries as they remodel these vessels into wide bore conduits that are independent of maternal vasoconstriction.
  • The primary factor in IUGR is placental dysfunction caused by a failure of the extravillous trophoblasts to penetrate and modify the uterine spiral arteries.
  • A blastocyst embedded in the uterine decidua.
  • Uterine epithelium, u.g.
  • Uterine glands., y.s.

• Fetal Circulation

  • The uterine arteries carry oxygenated blood to the placenta, which then permeates the sponge-like organ.
  • Some of the blood moves from the aorta through the internal iliac arteries to the umbilical arteries and re-enters the placenta, where carbon dioxide and other waste products from the fetus enter the maternal circulation.
  • Some of the blood entering the right atrium does not pass directly to the left atrium through the foramen ovale, but enters the right ventricle and is pumped into the pulmonary artery.
  • In the fetus, there is a special connection between the pulmonary artery and the aorta called the ductus arteriosus, which directs most of this blood away from the lungs.

• Chorionic Villi and Placental Development

  • These villi invade and destroy the uterine decidua while at the same time they absorb nutritive materials from it to support the growth of the embryo .
  • Embryonic blood is carried to the villi by the branches of the umbilical arteries.
  • The placenta is a fetally derived organ that connects the developing fetus to the uterine wall to allow nutrient uptake, waste elimination, and gas exchange via the mother's blood supply.
  • The placenta functions as a fetomaternal organ with two components: the fetal placenta (chorion frondosum), which develops from the same blastocyst that forms the fetus; and the maternal placenta (decidua basalis), which develops from the maternal uterine tissue.

• Development of the Extraembryonic Coelom

  • Villi emerge from the chorion, which invade the endometrium, destroy the uterine decidua, and allow the transfer of nutrients from maternal blood to fetal blood.
  • Blood is carried to the villi by the paired umbilical arteries, which branch into chorionic arteries and enter the chorionic villi as cotyledon arteries.

• Muscular Arteries

  • Distributing arteries are medium-sized arteries that draw blood from an elastic artery and branch into resistance vessels.
  • Muscular or distributing arteries are medium-sized arteries that draw blood from an elastic artery and branch into resistance vessels, including small arteries and arterioles.
  • The splenic artery (lienal artery), the blood vessel that supplies oxygenated blood to the spleen, is an example of a muscular artery.
  • It branches from the celiac artery and follows a course superior to the pancreas.
  • Transverse section of the human spleen showing the distribution of the splenic artery and its branches

• Placenta

  • The placenta is an organ connecting the developing fetus to the uterine wall to allow nutrient uptake, waste elimination, and gas exchange via the mother's blood supply.
  • The placenta connects to the fetus by an umbilical cord of approximately 55–60 cm in length that contains two arteries and one vein.
  • Unlike the majority of systemic vessels the arteries in the umbilical cord carry de-oxygenated blood and the vein  carries oxygenated blood.
  • It contributes to the woman's mammary gland development in preparation for lactation and stimulates uterine growth to accommodate the growing fetus.
  • The placenta is an organ connecting the developing fetus to the uterine wall to allow nutrient uptake, waste elimination, and gas exchange via the mother's blood supply.

• Ovaries

  • The fossa usually lies beneath the external iliac artery and in front of the ureter and internal iliac artery.
  • There are two extremities to the ovary, the tubal extremity and the uterine extremity.
  • The uterine extremity points downward and is attached to the uterus via the ovarian ligament.

• Arteries of the Pelvis and Lower Limbs

  • The abdominal aorta divides into the major arteries of the leg: the femoral, popliteal, tibial, dorsal foot, plantar, and fibular arteries.
  • The pelvic cavity is largely supplied by the paired internal iliac arteries, formed when the common iliac artery divides the internal iliac artery at the vertebral level L5 descends inferiorly into the lesser pelvis.
  • The external iliac artery passes into the thigh, becoming the femoral artery.
  • Key branches include the obturator artery, the inferior vesical artery in men and the equivalent vaginal artery in females, and the rectal and gluteal arteries.
  • The posterior trunk gives rise to arteries that supply the posterior pelvic wall and the gluteal region, including the iliolumbar artery that supplies the psoas major muscle, the lateral sacral arteries, and the superior gluteal artery.

• Ectopic Pregnancy

  • An ectopic pregnancy, or eccysis, is a complication of pregnancy in which the embryo implants outside the uterine cavity.
  • In a normal pregnancy, the fertilized egg enters the uterus and settles into the uterine lining where it has plenty of room to divide and grow.
  • Usually, this degree of bleeding is due to delay in diagnosis, but sometimes, especially if the implantation is in the proximal tube (just before it enters the uterus), it may invade into the nearby Sampson artery, causing heavy bleeding earlier than usual.
  • This is generally bowel or mesentery, but other sites, such as the renal (kidney), liver or hepatic (liver) artery or even aorta have been described.

• Uterine Prolapse

  • Uterine prolapse occurs when the ligaments supporting the uterus become so weak that the uterus slips down from its normal position.
  • Uterine prolapse is a form of female genital prolapse.
  • The causes uterine prolapse are not unlike those that also contribute to urinary incontinence.
  • The most common cause of uterine prolapse is trauma during childbirth, in particular multiple or difficult births.