forebrain

Examples of forebrain in the following topics:

• Pons

  • The pons is a relay station between the forebrain and cerebellum that passes sensory information from the periphery to the thalamus.
  • The pons contains nuclei that relay signals from the forebrain to the cerebellum, along with nuclei that regulate sleep, respiration, swallowing, bladder control, hearing, equilibrium, taste, eye movement, facial expressions, facial sensation, and posture.

• Functions of the Diencephalon

  • The diencephalon ("interbrain") is the region of the vertebrate neural tube that gives rise to posterior forebrain structures.
  • In development, the forebrain develops from the prosencephalon, the most anterior vesicle of the neural tube that later forms both the diencephalon and the telencephalon.
  • $$Subdivisions of the embryonic vertebrate brain that later differentiate into forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain structures.

• Anencephaly

  • Anencephaly (absence of forebrain and neocortex) is a neural tube defect occurring during embryonic development.
  • Strictly speaking, the translation of the Greek term to English is "no brain" (that is, totally lacking), but it is accepted that children with this disorder are born without a forebrain, the largest part of the brain consisting mainly of the cerebral hemispheres, including the neocortex, which is responsible for higher-level cognition, i.e. thinking.
  • Strictly speaking, the translation of the Greek term to English is "no brain" (that is, totally lacking), but it is accepted that children with this disorder are born without a forebrain, the largest part of the brain consisting mainly of the cerebral hemispheres, including the neocortex, which is responsible for higher-level cognition, i.e. thinking.

• Clusters of Neuronal Cell Bodies

  • One exception is the basal ganglia which are located not in the periphery but rather in the forebrain.

• Fourth Week of Development

  • Superior to the mesencephalon is the prosencephalon (future forebrain) and inferior to it is the rhombencephalon (future hindbrain).

• Cholinergic Neurons and Receptors

  • When cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain are lesioned, animals' ability to detect visual signals was robustly and persistently impaired.
  • An example of a central cholinergic area is the nucleus Basilis of Meynert in the basal forebrain.

• Cerebral Lobes

  • Dopamine tends to limit and select sensory information that the thalamus sends to the forebrain.
  • Located in the rearmost portion of the skull, the occipital lobes are part of the forebrain.

• Basal Ganglia

  • They are situated at the base of the forebrain and are strongly connected with the cerebral cortex, thalamus, and other brain areas.

• Brief Overview of Cranial Nerves

  • The terminal nerves, olfactory nerves (I) and optic nerves (II) emerge from the cerebrum or forebrain, and the remaining ten pairs arise from the brainstem, which is the lower part of the brain.

• Embryonic Development

  • The prosencephalon further goes on to develop into the telencephalon (the forebrain or cerebrum) and the diencephalon (the optic vesicles and hypothalamus).