acidosis

Examples of acidosis in the following topics:

• Acidosis

  • Once oxygenation is restored, the acidosis clears quickly.
  • When metabolic acidosis is severe and can no longer be compensated for adequately by the lungs, neutralizing the acidosis with infusions of bicarbonate may be required.
  • One key to distinguish between respiratory and metabolic acidosis is that in respiratory acidosis, the CO2 is increased while the bicarbonate is either normal (uncompensated) or increased (compensated).
  • Compensation occurs if respiratory acidosis is present, and a chronic phase is entered with partial buffering of the acidosis through renal bicarbonate retention.
  • General symptoms of acidosis are described in relation to their location on the body.

• Chemical Composition of Bone

  • An excess of acid is called acidosis and an excess in bases is called alkalosis .
  • The phrase "mixed acidosis," for example, refers to metabolic acidosis in conjunction with respiratory acidosis.
  • Acidosis refers to a low pH in tissue.
  • Acute respiratory acidosis occurs when an abrupt failure of ventilation occurs.
  • Differentiate among the acid-base disorders: metabolic acidosis, metabolic alkalosis, respiratory acidosis, and respiratory alkalosis

• Disorders of Acid-Base Balance

  • An excess of acid is called acidosis and an excess in bases is called alkalosis .
  • The phrase "mixed acidosis," for example, refers to metabolic acidosis in conjunction with respiratory acidosis.
  • Acidosis refers to a low pH in tissue.
  • Respiratory acidosis is a medical condition in which decreased ventilation (hypoventilation) causes increased blood carbon dioxide concentration and decreased pH (a condition generally called acidosis).
  • Acute respiratory acidosis occurs when an abrupt failure of ventilation occurs.

• The Reason for Breathing

  • When the blood becomes acidic, respiratory acidosis occurs, which can cause tissue damage if too severe.
  • Acidosis can be caused by hypoventilation (too little breathing), which reduces the removal rate of carbon dioxide, causing it to build up in the bloodstream along with hydrogen.
  • There are many symptoms of acidosis, such as headache, confusion, increased heart rate, and muscle weakness.
  • These feedback mechanisms can fail in people with chronic respiratory diseases like emphysema and bronchitis, or from the side effects of certain drugs, in which acidosis and alkalosis will occur regardless.
  • One of the primary reasons for breathing is to regulate blood pH so that respiratory acidosis and alkalosis don't occur.

• Potassium Balance Regulation

  • A high pH (ie. alkalosis >7.4) favors movement of K+ into the cells whilst a low pH (ie. acidosis) causes movement out of the cell.
  • Therefore, a person with an acidosis (pH 7.1) and a plasma K+ of 6.5 mmol/l could be depleted of total body potassium.
  • This occurs in diabetic acidosis.

• Alkalosis

  • The opposite condition is acidosis (when pH falls below 7.35).
  • Compensatory mechanism for metabolic alkalosis involves slowed breathing by the lungs to increase serum carbon dioxide, a condition leaning toward respiratory acidosis.
  • As respiratory acidosis often accompanies the compensation for metabolic alkalosis, and vice versa, a delicate balance is created between these two conditions.

• Regulation of H+ by the Lungs

  • The process that causes the imbalance is classified based on the etiology of the disturbance (respiratory or metabolic) and the direction of change in pH (acidosis or alkalosis).
  • There are four basic processes: metabolic acidosis, respiratory acidosis, metabolic alkalosis, and respiratory alkalosis.

• Homeostatic Responses to Shock

  • Since oxygen is not abundant, the Kreb's cycle is slowed resulting in lactic acidosis (the accumulation of lactate).
  • The compensatory stage is characterized by the body employing physiological mechanisms, including neural, hormonal, and bio-chemical mechanisms in an attempt to reverse the lactic acidosis.
  • As anaerobic metabolism continues, increasing the body's metabolic acidosis, the arteriolar smooth muscle and precapillary sphincters relax such that blood remains in the capillaries and will lead to leakage of fluid and protein into the surrounding tissues.

• The Role of the Kidneys in Acid-Base Balance

  • In response to acidosis, tubular cells reabsorb more bicarbonate from the tubular fluid, collecting duct cells secrete more hydrogen and generate more bicarbonate, and ammoniagenesis leads to increased formation of the NH3 buffer.

• Signs and Symptoms of Shock

  • It also presents with rapid and shallow breathing, due to sympathetic nervous system stimulation, and acidosis.