Section 6
Translation: Protein Synthesis
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Version 6
By Boundless
By Boundless
Boundless Microbiology
Microbiology
by Boundless
5 concepts
![Thumbnail](../../../../../../figures.boundless-cdn.com/18981/square/figure-15-04-03.jpeg)
Processing of tRNAs and rRNAs
rRNA and tRNA are structural molecules that aid in protein synthesis but are not themselves translated into protein.
![Thumbnail](../../../../../../figures.boundless-cdn.com/2877/square/peptide-syn.jpg)
The Protein Synthesis Machinery
Protein synthesis, or translation of mRNA into protein, occurs with the help of ribosomes, tRNAs, and aminoacyl tRNA synthetases.
![Thumbnail](../../../../../../figures.boundless-cdn.com/13188/square/proteinsynthesis.jpg)
Prokaryotic Transcription and Translation Are Coupled
Prokaryotic transcription occurs in the cytoplasm alongside translation and can occur simultaneously.
![Thumbnail](../../../../../../figures.boundless-cdn.com/13189/raw/geneticcode22.jpg)
The Incorporation of Nonstandard Amino Acids
Aside from the 22 standard amino acids, there are many other amino acids that are called non-proteinogenic or non-standard.
![Thumbnail](../../../../../../figures.boundless-cdn.com/16405/square/transtranslation.jpg)
Unsticking Stuck Ribosomes
Ribosomes can get stuck on mRNAs, cells have ways of unsticking them.