organic

Examples of organic in the following topics:

• Growth Terminology

  • This reduction process forms an organic compound that stores chemical energy.
  • Autotrophs, and their formation of organic compounds, are an important component of the food chain because they produce the food necessary for larger, more complex organisms to grow.
  • Chemoautotrophs are thought to be the first organisms to inhabit earth.
  • A heterotroph is an organism that, unlike an autotroph, cannot fix carbon and uses organic carbon for growth.
  • These organisms use inorganic energy sources or organic energy sources to sustain life.

• Photoautotrophs and Photoheterotrophs

  • Not all phototrophs are photosynthetic but they all constitute a food source for heterotrophic organisms.
  • An autotroph is an organism able to make its own food.
  • Photoautotrophs are organisms that carry out photosynthesis.
  • A heterotroph is an organism that depends on organic matter already produced by other organisms for its nourishment.
  • Photoautotrophic organisms are sometimes referred to as holophytic.

• Chemoautotrophs and Chemoheterotrophs

  • The most common type of chemotrophic organisms are prokaryotic and include both bacteria and fungi.
  • All of these organisms require carbon to survive and reproduce.
  • The ability of chemotrophs to produce their own organic or carbon-containing molecules differentiates these organisms into two different classifications--chemoautotrophs and chemoheterotrophs .
  • These organisms are able to produce their own source of food, or energy.
  • Instead, these organisms must ingest preformed carbon molecules, such as carbohydrates and lipids, synthesized by other organisms.

• Organ Toxicity

  • The accumulation of antimicrobial drugs and their metabolic byproducts in organs can be toxic, leading to organ damage.
  • This accumulation of toxic chemicals can lead to organ damage, and in extreme cases, even organ failure and death.
  • The liver and kidneys are common organs affected by chemical toxicity.
  • In fact, almost any tissue or organ can be affected by antimicrobial drugs.
  • Outline the two major types of organ toxicity and their effects, recognizing additional types of toxicity

• Organization of Ecosystems

  • Heterotrophs, which must feed on other organisms in order to obtain organic matter.
  • In general, trophic levels are used to describe the way in which a particular organism within an ecosystem gets its food.
  • Consumers (heterotrophs) cannot manufacture their own food and need to consume other organisms.
  • In real world ecosystems, there are multiple food chains for most organisms (since most organisms eat more than one kind of food or are eaten by more than one type of predator).
  • Other microbes are decomposers, with the ability to recycle nutrients from dead organic matter and other organisms' waste products.

• Syntrophy

  • Another example are the many organisms that feast on feces or dung.
  • Yet another example is the community of micro-organisms in soil that live off leaf litter.
  • As oxygen is not required, fermentative organisms are anaerobic.
  • These organisms are facultative anaerobes.
  • These reduced organic compounds are generally small organic acids and alcohols derived from pyruvate, the end product of glycolysis.

• Squid-Aliivibrio Symbiosis

  • Squid host light-generating Allivibiro bacteria in a special organ so that they can illuminate themselves and blend in with the environment.
  • A special category of symbiotic relationships involve bioluminescence, where light producing bacteria are hosted by another organism.
  • Aliivibrio fischeri inhabits a special light organ in the squid's mantle.
  • The mucus collects near the opening of the light organ which traps passing bacteria.
  • Once A. fischeri has passed these hurdles at the opening of the light organ, it can colonize chambers of the light organ and begin enjoying the benefits of symbiosis.

• Antiprotozoan and Antihelminthic Drugs

  • Parasites are organisms that live on or in a host organism to obtain food.
  • Two major classes of parasitic organisms include protozoa and helminths.
  • Protozoa are unicellular eukaryotic organisms that are classified as either free-living or parasitic organisms.
  • Helminths are multicellular eukaryotic organisms that are also classified as either free-living or parasitic chemoheterotrophic organisms.
  • Protozoal diseases can also be prevented by targeting the route of transmission and/or targeting vector organisms.

• Blastomycosis

  • Blastomycosis is a fungal infection caused by the organism Blastomyces dermatitidis.
  • Blastomycosis (also known as "North American blastomycosis," "Blastomycetic dermatitis," and "Gilchrist's disease") is a fungal infection caused by the organism Blastomyces dermatitidis .
  • Tissue biopsy of skin or other organs may be required in order to diagnose extra-pulmonary disease.
  • Commercially available urine antigen testing appears to be quite sensitive in suggesting the diagnosis in cases where the organism is not readily detected.
  • While culture of the organism remains the definitive diagnostic standard, its slow growing nature can lead to delays in treatment of up to several weeks.

• Defining Microbes

  • A microbe or microorganism is a microscopic organism that comprises either a single cell (unicellular), cell clusters, or multicellular relatively complex organisms .
  • Most microorganisms are unicellular, but this is not universal, since some multicellular organisms are microscopic.
  • However, pathogenic microbes are harmful, since they invade and grow within other organisms, causing diseases that kill humans, animals, and plants.
  • The organisms involved include pathogenic bacteria, which are the cause of diseases such as plague, tuberculosis and anthrax.
  • While not perceptable to the unaided eye, Hassall was actually able to identify many microscopic organisms.