deductive

Examples of deductive in the following topics:

• Logic

  • Instinct, intuition, abduction, deduction, induction and authority are examples of sources of knowledge.
  • However, most discussions of methods in science place primary emphasis on inductive and deductive processes.
  • Aristotle (384-322BCE) is usually credited with formalizing syllogistic or deductive reasoning.
  • Abduction is the insight that occurs with less conscious formal reasoning than either induction or deduction.
  • It is the purpose of inductive and deductive reasoning to test the hypotheses that emerge from the process of abduction.

• Disposable Income

  • For the purposes of calculating the amount of income subject to garnishment, United States federal law defines disposable income as an individual's compensation (including salary, overtime, bonuses, commission, and paid leave) after the deduction of health insurance premiums and any amounts required to be deducted by law.
  • Amounts required to be deducted by law include federal, state, and local taxes, state unemployment and disability taxes, social security taxes, and other garnishments or levies, but does not include such deductions as voluntary retirement contributions and transportation deductions.

• Corporate and Payroll Taxes

  • Payroll taxes generally fall into two categories: deductions from an employee's wages, and taxes paid by the employer based on the employee's wages.
  • Deductions from an employee's wages are taxes that employers are required to withhold from employees' wages, also known as withholding tax, pay-as-you-earn tax (PAYE), or pay-as-you-go tax (PAYG).

• Fiscal Policy -- Budget and Taxes

  • Over the years, lawmakers have carved out various exemptions and deductions from the income tax to encourage specific kinds of economic activity.
  • The Tax Reform Act of 1986, perhaps the most substantial reform of the U.S. tax system since the beginning of the income tax, reduced income tax rates while cutting back many popular income tax deductions (the home mortgage deduction and IRA deductions were preserved, however).

• Which Methodology is "Correct?"

  • Within modern economics, knowledge is believed to be advanced by inductive or empirical investigations that can verify (or fail to falsify) "positive" concepts, hypothesis, theories or models developed by deductive or rationalist logic.

• Financing State and Local Government

  • State taxes are generally treated as a deductible expense for federal tax computation.

• How Corporations Raise Capital

  • Corporations benefit by issuing bonds because the interest rates they must pay investors are generally lower than rates for most other types of borrowing and because interest paid on bonds is considered to be a tax-deductible business expense.

• Economic Models

  • Models are based on theory and follow the rules of deductive logic.

• Defining GDP

  • Imports are subtracted since imported goods will be included in the terms "G", "I", or "C", and must be deducted to avoid counting foreign supply as domestic.

• GDP Equation in Depth (C+I+G+X)

  • Imports are subtracted since imported goods will be included in the terms G, I, or C, and must be deducted to avoid counting foreign supply as domestic.