zone pricing

Examples of zone pricing in the following topics:

• Geographic Pricing

  • Zone pricing: Prices increase as shipping distances increase.
  • This is sometimes done by drawing concentric circles on a map with the plant or warehouse at the center and each circle defining the boundary of a price zone.
  • (The term "zone pricing" can also refer to the practice of setting prices that reflect local competitive conditions (i.e., the market forces of supply and demand, rather than actual cost of transportation).
  • Many business people and economists state that gasoline zone pricing merely reflects the costs of doing business in a complex and volatile marketplace.
  • Zone pricing is also used to price fares in certain metro stations.

• Agricultural Interest Groups

  • These include crop prices, land use zoning, government subsidies, and international trade agreements.

• Decline

  • A fall in prices and profitability (the latter ultimately moving in the negative zone);
  • shows the actual sales and price of the personal computer from 1992 to 2002.
  • Only technologically-advanced individuals would buy one at the very steep price of $1800 (and bear in mind, $1800 in 1992 was worth a lot more than it is today).
  • As the market grew, businesses learned to be more efficient in producing the PC and prices came down.
  • The drop in prices and improvements in technology made PCs more attractive to other consumers.

• Determinants of Supply

  • Supply levels are determined by price, which increases or decreases supply along the price curve, and non-price factors, which shifts the entire curve.
  • Good's own price: An increase in price will induce an increase in the quantity supplied.
  • Price of inputs: If the price of inputs increases the supply curve will shift left as sellers are less willing or able to sell goods at any given price.
  • Government policies and regulations: Government intervention can take many forms including environmental and health regulations, hour and wage laws, taxes, electrical and natural gas rates and zoning and land use regulations.
  • However, some factors unrelated to price can shift the production level.

• Types of Root Systems and Zones of Growth

  • The root tip has three main zones: a zone of cell division, a zone of elongation, and a zone of maturation.
  • The root tip can be divided into three zones: a zone of cell division, a zone of elongation, and a zone of maturation .
  • All three zones are in approximately the first centimeter of the root tip.
  • A longitudinal view of the root reveals the zones of cell division, elongation, and maturation.
  • Describe the three zones of the root tip and summarize the role of each zone in root growth

• Growth of Bone

  • The zone of maturation and hypertrophy contains chondrocytes that are older and larger than those in the proliferative zone .
  • The zone of calcified matrix, the zone closest to the diaphysis, contains chondrocytes that are dead because the matrix around them has calcified .
  • After the zone of calcified matrix, there is the zone of ossification, which is actually part of the metaphysis .
  • The topmost layer of the epiphysis is the reserve zone.
  • The second zone, the proliferative zone, is where chondrocytes are continually undergoing mitosis.

• Meristems

  • Apical meristems are organized into four zones: (1) the central zone, (2) the peripheral zone, (3) the medullary meristem and (3) the medullary tissue .
  • Surrounding the central zone is the peripheral zone.
  • The rate of cell division in the peripheral zone is higher than that of the central zone.
  • Each zone of the apical meristem has a particular function.
  • Pictured here are the (1) central zone, (2) peripheral zone, (3) medullary meristem and (3) medullary tissue.

• Marine Biomes

  • Each zone has a distinct group of species adapted to the biotic and abiotic conditions particular to that zone.
  • This zone is an extremely variable environment because of tides.
  • The neritic zone extends from the intertidal zone to depths of about 200 m (or 650 ft) at the edge of the continental shelf.
  • Beyond the neritic zone is the open ocean area known as the oceanic zone.
  • There are a variety of invertebrates and fishes found in this zone, but the abyssal zone does not have plants due to the lack of light.

• The Phosphorus Cycle

  • This process is responsible for dead zones in lakes and at the mouths of many major rivers .
  • These zones can be caused by eutrophication, oil spills, dumping of toxic chemicals, and other human activities.
  • The number of dead zones has been increasing for several years; more than 400 of these zones were present as of 2008.
  • One of the worst dead zones is off the coast of the United States in the Gulf of Mexico, where fertilizer runoff from the Mississippi River basin has created a dead zone of over 8,463 square miles.
  • Worldwide, large dead zones are found in coastal areas of high population density.

• The Deep Sea and Barophilism

  • Zones of the deep sea include the mesopelagic zone, the bathyal zone, the abyssal zone, and the hadal zone.