William Green

Examples of William Green in the following topics:

• The Bayeux Tapestry

  • Images in the cloth include depictions of William, Duke of Normandy; the coronation and death of the English King Harold; the Battle of Hastings; and even Halley's Comet.
  • It is likely that it was commissioned by Bishop Odo, the half-brother to Duke William of Normandy, and made in England—not Bayeux—in the 1070s.
  • The main yarn colors are terracotta or russet, blue-green, dull gold, olive green, and blue, with small amounts of dark blue, black, and sage green.
  • Later repairs are worked in light yellow, orange, and light greens.

• The Favorskii Rearrangement

  • A debate concerning the nature of the carbon-carbon bond formation step now favors direct (synchronous) formation of the cyclopropanone by a 1,3-elimination, as shown, rather than initial ionization of the enolate to a zwitterionic species such as that drawn in the green box.
  • The examples in the green-shaded area clearly demonstrate inversion of configuration in the carbon-carbon bond forming step.

• Steric Effects

  • The green dashed curve in the illustration on the right represents this attraction, which increases with the inverse sixth power of the distance between the atoms (r).

• Group Frequencies

  • Following the color scheme of the chart, stretching absorptions are listed in the blue-shaded section and bending absorptions in the green shaded part.

• Oxidation States of Phosphorus Compounds

  • Organophosphorus compounds having phosphorus oxidation states ranging from –3 to +5, as shown in the following table, are well known (some simple inorganic compounds are displayed in green).

• Substitution Reactions of Benzene and Other Aromatic Compounds

  • The chemical reactivity of benzene contrasts with that of the alkenes in that substitution reactions occur in preference to addition reactions, as illustrated in the following diagram (some comparable reactions of cyclohexene are shown in the green box).

• The Green Revolution

• Grob Fragmentation

  • The carbon atoms of the ethylagous unit are colored green.
  • These are the non-bonding pair on nitrogen and the bonding pairs in the green-colored covalent bonds.

• Carbon NMR Spectroscopy

  • Although a careful determination of chemical shifts should permit the first pair of compounds (blue box) to be distinguished, the second and third cases (red & green boxes) might be difficult to identify by proton nmr alone.
  • However, in its carbon nmr spectrum cyclohexane displays a single signal at δ 27.1 ppm, generated by the equivalent ring carbon atoms (colored blue); whereas the isomeric alkene shows two signals, one at δ 20.4 ppm from the methyl carbons (colored brown), and the other at 123.5 ppm (typical of the green colored sp2 hybrid carbon atoms).
  • The fulvene (isomer A) has five structurally different groups of carbon atoms (colored brown, magenta, orange, blue and green respectively) and should display five 13C nmr signals (one near 20 ppm and the other four greater than 100 ppm).
  • Although ortho-xylene (isomer B) will have a proton nmr very similar to isomer A, it should only display four 13C nmr signals, originating from the four different groups of carbon atoms (colored brown, blue, orange and green).
  • Finally, the last isomeric pair, quinones A & B in the green box, are easily distinguished by carbon nmr.

• Streptophytes and Reproduction of Green Algae

  • Land plants and closely-related green algae (charophytes) are classified as Streptophytes; the remaining green algae are chlorophytes.
  • The position of green algae is more ambiguous.
  • Green algae include unicellular and colonial flagellates, most with two flagella per cell, as well as various colonial, coccoid, and filamentous forms, along with macroscopic seaweeds, all of which add to the ambiguity of green algae classification since plants are multicellular.
  • Both green algae and land plants also store carbohydrates as starch.
  • The Charophyta are a division of green algae that includes the closest relatives of the embryophyte plants .