The Jay Treaty

(noun)

Jay Treaty, officially called the Treaty of Amity, Commerce, and Navigation, Between His Britannic Majesty and The United States of America, was a treaty between the United States and Great Britain that is credited with averting war, resolving issues remaining since the Treaty of Paris of 1783, and facilitating ten years of peaceful trade between the United States and Britain in the midst of the French Revolutionary Wars, which began in 1792.

Related Terms

Examples of The Jay Treaty in the following topics:

  • The XYZ Affair

    • In the wake of the French Revolution relations between the new French Republic and the United States became ever more strained.
    • After the United States' Jay Treaty with Britain, French outrage mounted.
    • The United States had offered France many of the same provisions found in the Jay Treaty with Britain, but France reacted by deporting Marshall and Pinckney back to the United States and refusing any proposal that would involve these two delegates, both key Federalists.
    • Several weeks prior to the meeting with X, Y, and Z, the dispatches detailed how the American commission had met with French foreign minister Talleyrand to discuss French retaliation against the Jay Treaty, which the French government perceived as evidence of an Anglo-American alliance.
    • American commissioners then negotiated the Treaty of Mortefontaine with Napoleon's ministers in September 1800, which ended all hostilities.

  • The Republican Alternative

    • This new coalition was composed of politicians who were vehemently opposed to Hamilton's economic policies, the expanse of federal power under the direction of Washington and Adams, and the Jay Treaty with Britain.
    • The intense debate over the Jay Treaty in 1794–95, transformed those Democratic-Republicans opposed to anglophile Federalists from a loose movement into a true political party.
    • The Jeffersonians mounted a public campaign against the ratification of the Jay Treaty, and encouraged public outcry against John Jay and the Federalists.
    • However, they were defeated when Washington mobilized public opinion in favor of the treaty.
    • The presidential election of 1800, sometimes referred to as the Revolution of 1800 resulted in the demise of the Federalists as the dominant party and the election of Jefferson to the presidency.

  • Across the Atlantic: France and Britain

    • The Treaty of Alliance was a defense treaty formed in the American Revolution that promised French support to the United States.
    • The treaty outlined the terms and conditions of this military alliance and established requirements for the signing of future peace treaties to end hostilities with the British.
    • The purpose of the Jay Treaty, ratified February 29, 1796, was to relieve post-war tensions between Britain and the United States.
    • The Jay Treaty (also known as Jay's Treaty, The British Treaty, and the Treaty of London of 1794), was officially known as the Treaty of Amity, Commerce, and Navigation, Between His Britannic Majesty and The United States of America.
    • Summarize the circumstances surrounding the signing of the treaty of alliance between France and the United States

  • The Treaty of Paris

    • The treaty was signed at the Hotel d’York by U.S. representatives John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, and John Jay, as well as David Hartley, a member of the British Parliament who represented King George III in negotiations.
    • The British ratified the treaty on April 9, 1784.
    • The 10 articles of the Treaty of Paris are as follows.
    • This matter was finally settled by the Jay Treaty in 1794, and America's ability to bargain on all these points was greatly strengthened by the creation of a new constitution in 1787.
    • Benjamin West's painting of the delegations at the Treaty of Paris: John Jay, John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Henry Laurens, and William Temple Franklin.

  • Diplomacy

    • Unfortunately, after the war ended in 1783, the weakness of the Confederation government frustrated the ability of the government to conduct foreign policy.
    • The states must see the rod."
    • The Jay–Gardoqui Treaty with Spain in 1789 also showed weakness in foreign policy.
    • In this treaty—which was never ratified due to its immense unpopularity—the United States was to give up rights to use the Mississippi River for 30 years, which would have economically strangled the settlers west of the Appalachian Mountains.
    • This incomplete British implementation of the Treaty of Paris (1783) was superseded by the implementation of Jay's Treaty in 1795 under the new U.S.

  • Jay's Treaty

    • John Jay was sent to Britain—with instructions from Hamilton—to secure compensation for captured American ships; to ensure the British leave the northwest outposts they still occupied (despite the terms of the 1783 Treaty of Paris, which recognized this as American territory); and to gain an agreement for American trade in the West Indies.
    • The terms of the treaty were designed primarily by Secretary of the Treasury, Alexander Hamilton, and negotiated by John Jay, all with the support of President Washington.
    • However, Jay failed to negotiate an end to British impressments; this spurred arguments against ratifying the treaty and the issue remained unresolved until the War of 1812.
    • Washington submitted Jay's Treaty to the U.S.
    • The map shows major territorial concessions following the Treaty of Paris.

  • Foreign and Domestic Crises

    • Therefore, despite the mutual defense treaty the United States established with France in 1778, Washington and the Federalists declared that the French Revolution rendered previous agreements with France non-binding, and issued a formal Proclamation of Neutrality in 1793.
    • In response, President Washington sent John Jay to negotiate a treaty with England.
    • The Senate narrowly ratified Jay's Treaty, but the debate it sparked solidified the Federalist and Democratic-Republican factions into full-scale political parties.
    • Jay's Treaty also angered France, which saw it as a violation of the Franco-American mutual defense treaty of 1778.
    • Eventually, the United States and France agreed to end hostilities and to end the mutual defense treaty of 1778—an act that President Adams considered one of the finest achievements of his presidency.

  • The Treaty of Paris

    • The Treaty of Paris, signed on September 3, 1783, ended the American Revolutionary War and established the new boundaries of the U.S.
    • The treaty document was signed at the Hotel d'York by John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, and John Jay representing the United States.
    • The American Congress of the Confederation ratified the Treaty of Paris on January 14, 1784.
    • Ratification of the treaty was to occur within six months from the signing by the contracting parties.
    • Signature page of the Treaty of Paris courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration.

  • The Treaty of Fort Stanwix

    • The Treaty of Fort Stanwix was one of several treaties signed between Native Americans and the United States after the American Revolution.
    • The Treaty of Fort Stanwix was a treaty signed in October 1784 between the United States and its Native Americans at Fort Stanwix (located in present-day Rome, New York).
    • The treaty served as a peace treaty between the Iroquois and the Americans, since the Natives had been ignored in the Treaty of Paris.
    • In Pennsylvania, the land acquired in this treaty is known as the "Last Purchase".
    • Many of the Ohio Country natives, including the Shawnee, the Mingo and Delaware tribes rejected the treaty.

  • The Final Treaty