Starling equation

(noun)

An equation that illustrates the role of hydrostatic and oncotic forces in the movement of fluid across capillary membranes.

Related Terms

Examples of Starling equation in the following topics:

  • Movement of Fluid Among Compartments

    • Movement of fluid among compartments depends on several variables described by Starling's equation.
    • The Starling equation defines the forces across a semipermeable membrane and allows calculation of the net flux.
    • The solution to the equation is known as the net filtration or net fluid movement.
    • This equation has a number of important physiologic implications, especially when disease processes grossly alter one or more of the variables.
    • According to Starling's equation, the movement of fluid depends on six variables :

  • Regulation of Glomerular Filtration Rate

    • The Starling equation for GFR is GFR=Filtration Constant X (Hydrostatic Glomerulus Pressure-Hydrostatic Bowman's Capsule Pressure)-(Osmotic Glomerulus Pressure+Osmotic Bowman's Capsule Pressure).
    • Under normal conditions, albumins cannot be filtered into the Bowman's capsule, so the osmotic pressure in the Bowman's space is generally not present, and is removed from the GFR equation.

  • Capillary Dynamics

    • The movement of materials across the capillary wall is dependent on pressure and is bi-directional depending on the net filtration pressure derived from the four Starling forces which modulate capillary dynamics.
    • There are four forces, termed Starling forces, which modulate capillary dynamics.

  • Bulk Flow: Filtration and Reabsorption

    • The movement of materials across the capillary wall is dependent on pressure and is bi-directional depending on the net filtration pressure derived from the four Starling forces.

  • Inconsistent and Dependent Systems

    • In mathematics, a system of linear equations (or linear system) is a collection of linear equations involving the same set of variables.
    • The equations of a linear system are independent if none of the equations can be derived algebraically from the others.
    • When the equations are independent, each equation contains new information about the variables, and removing any of the equations increases the size of the solution set.
    • For example, the equations
    • Adding the first two equations together gives 3x + 2y = 2, which can be subtracted from the third equation to yield 0 = 1.

  • Parametric Equations

    • Parametric equations are a set of equations in which the coordinates (e.g., $x$ and $y$) are expressed in terms of a single third parameter.
    • Converting a set of parametric equations to a single equation involves eliminating the variable from the simultaneous equations.
    • If one of these equations can be solved for $t$, the expression obtained can be substituted into the other equation to obtain an equation involving $x$ and $y$ only.
    • In some cases there is no single equation in closed form that is equivalent to the parametric equations.
    • One example of a sketch defined by parametric equations.

  • Linear Equations

    • A linear equation is an algebraic equation in which each term is either a constant or the product of a constant and a single variable.
    • A common form of a linear equation in the two variables $x$ and $y$ is:
    • The parametric form of a linear equation involves two simultaneous equations in terms of a variable parameter $t$, with the following values:
    • Linear differential equations are differential equations that have solutions which can be added together to form other solutions.
    • Linear differential equations are of the form:

  • Solving Differential Equations

    • Differential equations are solved by finding the function for which the equation holds true.
    • A differential equation is a mathematical equation for an unknown function of one or several variables that relates the values of the function itself to its derivatives of various orders.
    • As you can see, such an equation relates a function $f(x)$ to its derivative.
    • Solving the differential equation means solving for the function $f(x)$.
    • The "order" of a differential equation depends on the derivative of the highest order in the equation.

  • The Substitution Method

    • The substitution method is a way of solving a system of equations by expressing the equations in terms of only one variable.
    • The substitution method for solving systems of equations is a way to simplify the system of equations by expressing one variable in terms of another, thus removing one variable from an equation.
    • When all variables in an equation are replaced such that there is only one variable (in different terms), the equation becomes solvable.
    • Note that now this equation only has one variable (y).
    • We can then simplify this equation and solve for y:

  • Solving Systems of Equations in Three Variables

    • In mathematics, simultaneous equations are a set of equations containing multiple variables.
    • This is a set of linear equations, also known as a linear system of equations, in three variables:
    • Now subtract two times the first equation from the third equation to get
    • Next, subtract two times the third equation from the second equation and simplify:
    • Finally, subtract the third and second equation from the first equation to get