Examples of Specialized Units in the following topics:
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- The units are divided into two classes: base units and derived units.
- Derived units are unlimited in number and are formed by multiplying and dividing the seven base units and other derived units; for example, the SI derived unit of speed is meters per second, m/s.
- Some derived units have special names; for example, the unit of resistance, the ohm (Ω), is uniquely defined by the following relation:
- Another unit of pressure used in meteorology is the bar:
- A prefix may be added to a unit's name to describe a multiple of the original unit.
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- The unit circle and a set of rules can be used to recall the values of trigonometric functions of special angles.
- Some examples of the algebraic expressions for the sines of special angles are:
- The expressions for the cosine functions of these special angles are also simple.
- Tangent functions also have simple expressions for each of the special angles.
- Special angles and their coordinates are identified on the unit circle.
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- However, specialization can have both positive and negative effects on a nation's economy.
- The effects of specialization (and trade) include:
- Countries become better at making the product they specialize in.
- By specializing and then trading, Britain can get a unit of wine for only 100 units of labor by trading cloth for labor instead of taking 110 units of labor to produce the wine itself (assuming the price of Cloth to Wine is 1).
- Similarly, Portugal can specialize in wine and get a unit of cloth for only 80 units of labor by trading, instead of the 90 units of labor it would take to produce the cloth domestically.
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- We can use the special angles, which we can review in the unit circle shown below.
- To see how these formulae are derived, we can place points on a diagram of a unit circle.
- Substitute the values of the trigonometric functions from the unit circle:
- Substitute the values of the trigonometric functions from the unit circle:
- The unit circle with the values for sine and cosine displayed for special angles.
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- In this sense, they are local social units larger than households, but not directly under the control of city or state officials.
- Neighborhoods in preindustrial cities often had some degree of social specialization or differentiation.
- Other neighborhoods were united by religious persuasion.
- Community usually refers to a social unit—larger than a household—that shares common values and has social cohesion.
- Justify the importance of neighborhoods and communities as units of socialization, especially when specialized, such as by ethnicity or religion
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- In most systems of measurement, the unit of length is a fundamental unit, from which other units are defined.
- After Albert Einstein's Special Relativity Theory, length can no longer be thought of being constant in all reference frames.
- There are several units that are used to measure length.
- In U.S. customary units, English or Imperial system of units, commonly used units of length are the inch, the foot, the yard, and the mile.
- Units used to denote distances in the vastness of space, as in astronomy, are much longer than those typically used on Earth and include the astronomical unit, the light-year, and the parsec.
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- A cell is the smallest unit of a living thing and is the basic building block of all organisms.
- A cell is the smallest unit of a living thing.
- Your body has many kinds of cells, each specialized for a specific purpose.
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- The main functions of money are as a medium of exchange, a unit of account, and a store of value.
- Gold also had a constant value due to its special physical and chemical properties, which made it cherished by men.
- A unit of account is a standard numerical unit of measurement of the market value of goods, services, and other transactions.
- It must be divisible into smaller units without a loss of value.
- In other words, one unit or piece must be perceived as equivalent to any other.
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- Country A makes 6 units of food while Country B makes one unit, and Country A makes three units of clothing while Country B makes two.
- Comparative advantage drives countries to specialize in the production of the goods for which they have the lowest opportunity cost, which leads to increased productivity.
- The opportunity cost of producing 1 unit of clothing is 2 units of food in Country A, but only 0.5 units of food in Country B.
- Thus, even though Country A has an absolute advantage in both food and clothes, it will specialize in food while Country B specializes clothing.
- Absolute advantage is important, but comparative advantage is what determines what a country will specialize in.
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- Specialization refers to the tendency of countries to specialize in certain products which they trade for other goods, rather than producing all consumption goods on their own.
- Countries produce a surplus of the product in which they specialize and trade it for a different surplus good of another country.
- Rather than absolute advantage, comparative advantage is the driving force of specialization.
- It requires calculating what one could have gotten if one produced another product instead of one unit of the given product.
- In this case, specialization and trade will result in exactly the same level of consumption as producing all goods domestically.