Examples of self-determination in the following topics:
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- Self-efficacy: The exercise of control.
- Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior.
- The publication by Deci and Ryan highlights the theories of intrinsic motivation and self-determination as well as the history of both theories and the impact of both of child development.
- This piece of literature delves deeply into the topic of motivation and self-determination and covers both positive and negative aspects of the theories.
- Each factor plays a key role in the nature of self and identity as well as the function of self-esteem.
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- They emphasized free will and self-determination, with each individual desiring to become the best person they can become.
- Rogers further divided the self into two categories: the ideal self and the real self.
- We experience congruence when our thoughts about our real self and ideal self are very similar—in other words, when our self-concept is accurate.
- Their ideal self is thereby determined by others based on these conditions, and they are forced to develop outside of their own true actualizing tendency; this contributes to incongruence and a greater gap between the real self and the ideal self.
- They believe that they play a role in determining their own behavior and so feel responsible for their own behavior.
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- Personal influences--students' knowledge and goals Behavioral influences--self-observation, self-judgment, and self-reaction Environmental influences--verbal persuasion and modeling
- Schunk (Eds.), Self-regulation of learning and performance (pp. 229-254).Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
- Self-regulation is not a fixed characteristic of learners.Employing appropriate strategies can help learners to develop self-regulation and volition to learn.Zimmerman (1998) designed a table to compare experts' methods of self-regulation across different disciplines.Familiarity with these self-regulated methods is not only useful in learning, but once mastered, the techniques can be useful throughout life to function effectively in informal contexts.
- A social cognitive view of self-regulated academic learning., Journal of Educational Psychology, 81(3), p. 337.
- Academic studying and the development of personal skill: a self-regulatory perspective.
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- Pollination takes two forms: self-pollination and cross-pollination.
- These flowers make self-pollination nearly impossible.
- Some flowers have developed physical features that prevent self-pollination.
- All of these are barriers to self-pollination; therefore, the plants depend on pollinators to transfer pollen.
- Determine the differences between self-pollination and cross-pollination, and describe how plants have developed ways to avoid self-pollination
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- Water is capable of acting as either an acid or a base and can undergo self-ionization.
- Under standard conditions, water will self-ionize to a very small extent.
- Utilizing this equation is a convenient way to quickly determine pOH from pH and vice versa, as well as to determine hydroxide concentration given hydrogen concentration, or vice versa.
- The self-ionization of water produces hydronium and hydroxide ions in solution.
- Explanation of self-ionization of water and the formation of hydronium and hydroxide ions.
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- Three general approaches to understanding identity development include self-concept, sense of identity, and self-esteem.
- Early in adolescence, cognitive developments result in greater self-awareness.
- Unlike the conflicting aspects of self-concept, identity represents a coherent sense of self that is stable across circumstances and includes past experiences and future goals.
- Erikson determined that "identity achievement" resolves the identity crisis in which adolescents must explore different possibilities and integrate different parts of themselves before committing to their chosen identity.
- Self-esteem consists of one's thoughts and feelings about one's self-concept and identity.
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- Maslow's humanistic theory of personality states that people achieve their full potential by moving from basic needs to self-actualization.
- Often called the “third force” in psychology, humanism was a reaction to both the pessimistic determinism of psychoanalysis, with its emphasis on psychological disturbance, and to the behaviorists’ view of humans passively reacting to the environment.
- The highest need for self-actualization represents the achievement of our fullest potential, and those individuals who finally achieved self-actualization were said to represent optimal psychological health and functioning.
- Maslow viewed self-actualizers as the supreme achievers in the human race.
- Most self-actualizers had a great sense of awareness, maintaining a near-constant enjoyment and awe of life.
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- Three basic areas that are examined to address these research goals are traits, self-concept/self-knowledge, and situational influences.
- Some researchers use notions such as self-concept, the looking-glass self, and the ideal self to understand individual ideas of self-knowledge.
- Self-concept is the idea a person has of himself or herself.
- In short, situational strength can determine behavior that one might not expect based on a trait based approach.
- Self-knowledge is a key component in personality theory.
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- Critical Issue: Working Toward Student Self-Direction and Personal Efficacy as Educational Goals: Collection of many resources (including video clips) on how to enhance student self-efficacy (http://www.ncrel.org/sdrs/areas/issues/students/learning/lr200.htm).
- Information on self-efficacy: Professor Albert Bandura's web site on self-efficacy.
- This site collects many learning theories and models in relation to self-efficacy http://www.des.emory.edu/mfp/self-efficacy.html#bandura).