Secular Values

Examples of Secular Values in the following topics:

• Value Clusters

  • With this economic shift, values began to change, too.
  • People from different backgrounds tend to have different sets of values, or value systems.
  • In general, the World Values Survey has revealed two major axes along which values cluster: (1) a continuum from traditional to secular values and (2) a continuum from survival to self-expression.
  • Secular values have the opposite preferences to the traditional values.
  • Industrialization tends to bring a shift from traditional values to secular ones.

• Secularism and the Future of Religion

  • In studies of religion, modern Western societies are generally recognized as secular.
  • Some societies become increasingly secular as the result of social processes, rather than through the actions of a dedicated secular movement; this process is known as secularization.
  • Secularization is the transformation of a society from close identification with religious values and institutions toward nonreligious values and secular institutions.
  • When discussing social structures, secularization can refer to differentiation.
  • Discuss the rise of secularism and its response in the West

• Culture and Ethics

  • Culture reflects the moral values and ethical norms governing how people should behave and interact with others.
  • It is the sum of attitudes, values, goals, and practices shared by individuals in a group, organization, or society.
  • Cultural relativists consider this to be an ethnocentric view, as the universal set of values proposed by universalists are based on their set of values.
  • This diagram attempts to plot different countries by the importance of different types of values.
  • One axis represents traditional values to secular-rational values, while the other axis accounts for survival values and self-expression values.

• Culture Wars

  • In American usage, "culture war" refers to the claim that there is a conflict between those conservative and liberal values.
  • Bush) believed in the importance of religion and traditional family values.
  • A culture war is a struggle between two sets of conflicting cultural values.
  • This can be framed to describe west versus east, rural versus urban, or traditional values versus progressive secularism.
  • They often accused their political opponents of undermining tradition, Western civilization and family values.

• Conservatism

  • Liberal conservatism is a variant of conservatism that combines conservative values and policies with classical liberal stances.
  • Historically, the term referred to combination of economic liberalism, which champions laissez-faire markets, with the classical conservatism concern for established tradition, respect for authority, and religious values.
  • They believe strongly in traditional values and politics, and often have an urgent sense of nationalism.
  • Social conservatives believe that the government has a role in encouraging or enforcing what they consider traditional values or behaviors.
  • Social conservatives see traditional social values as threatened by secularism, so they support school prayer and oppose abortion and homosexuality.

• Nonmaterial Culture

  • Examples include any ideas, beliefs, values, or norms that shape a society.
  • Different cultures honor different values.
  • Beliefs can be religious or secular, and they can refer to any aspect of life.
  • Members take part in a culture even if each member's personal values do not entirely agree with some of the normative values sanctioned in the culture.
  • Norms, values, and beliefs are all deeply interconnected.

• Religion

  • Religion is a collection of cultural systems, belief systems, and worldviews that relate humanity to spirituality and moral values.
  • Religion is a collection of cultural systems, belief systems, and worldviews that relate humanity to spirituality and, sometimes, to moral values.
  • Alternatively, children raised in secular homes tend not to convert to religion.
  • Secular people converted to religion and religious people became secular.

• Defining Boundaries

  • This may be achieved by comparing the in-group to the out-group on some new dimension, changing the values assigned to the attributes of the group, and choosing an alternative out-group by which to compare the in-group.
  • Rituals, whether secular or religious, were for Durkheim the means by which groups maintained their symbolic and moral boundaries.
  • Mary Douglas has subsequently emphasized the role of symbolic boundaries in organizing experience, private and public, even in a secular society.

• The Future of Religion

  • Secularization is a varied term with multiple definitions and levels of meaning.
  • The 'process' component of secularization would refer to how the theory is actualized.
  • It is in this sense that secularization has multiple definitions.
  • 1) When discussing social structures, secularization can refer to differentiation.
  • 5) When discussing populations, secularization can refer to a societal decline in levels of religiosity (as opposed to the individual-level secularization of definition four).

• Trends in Markets

  • These trends are classified as secular for long-term frames, primary for medium-term frames, and secondary for short-term frames.
  • A secular market trend is a long-term trend that lasts 5 to 25 years and consists of a series of primary trends.
  • A secular bear market consists of smaller bull markets and larger bear markets, while a secular bull market consists of larger bull markets and smaller bear markets.
  • In a secular bull market, the prevailing trend is "bullish" or upward-moving.
  • In a secular bear market, the prevailing trend is "bearish" or downward-moving.