Radiation

(noun)

the emission of energy as electromagnetic waves or as moving or oscillating subatomic particles.

Examples of Radiation in the following topics:

  • Acute Radiation Damage

    • Acute radiation syndrome or damage describes health effects present within 24 hours of exposure to high amounts of ionizing radiation.
    • Acute radiation syndrome, also known as radiation poisoning, radiation sickness, or radiation toxicity, is a constellation of health effects that are present within 24 hours of exposure to high amounts of ionizing radiation, which can last for several months.
    • Radiation sickness is caused by exposure to a large dose of ionizing radiation over a short period of time, typically greater than about 0.1 Gy/h.
    • The onset and type of symptoms depends on the radiation exposure.
    • These diseases are sometimes referred to as radiation sickness, but they are never included in the term acute radiation syndrome.

  • Increased Cancer Risk from Radiation

    • Up to 10 percent of invasive cancers are related to radiation exposure, including both ionizing radiation and non-ionizing radiation.
    • Up to 10 percent of invasive cancers are related to radiation exposure, including both ionizing radiation and non-ionizing radiation.
    • The most widely accepted model posits that the incidence of cancer due to ionizing radiation increases linearly with effective radiation dose at a rate of 5.5 percent per sievert.
    • If the linear model is correct, natural background radiation is the most hazardous source of radiation to the general public health, followed closely by medical imaging.
    • Cancer is a stochastic effect of radiation, meaning that the probability of occurrence increases with effective radiation dose, but the severity of the cancer is independent of dose.

  • Therapeutic Uses of Radiation

    • Radiation therapy uses ionizing radiation to treat conditions such as hyperthyroidism, cancer, and blood disorders.
    • Radiation therapy involves the application of ionizing radiation to treat conditions such as hyperthyroidism, thyroid cancer, and blood disorders.
    • Ionizing radiation works by damaging the DNA of exposed tissue, leading to cellular death.
    • Radiation therapy is in itself painless.
    • Radiation therapy of the pelvis.

  • Medical Imaging and Diagnostics

    • Radiation therapy uses ionizing radiation to treat conditions such as hyperthyroidism, cancer, and blood disorders.
    • Radiation therapy involves the application of ionizing radiation to treat conditions such as hyperthyroidism, thyroid cancer, and blood disorders.
    • Ionizing radiation works by damaging the DNA of exposed tissue, leading to cellular death.
    • Radiation therapy is in itself painless.
    • Radiation therapy of the pelvis.

  • Planck's Quantum Hypothesis and Black Body Radiation

    • A black body emits radiation called black body radiation.
    • Planck described the radiation by assuming that radiation was emitted in quanta.
    • A black body in thermal equilibrium (i.e. at a constant temperature) emits electromagnetic radiation called black body radiation.
    • Max Planck, in 1901, accurately described the radiation by assuming that electromagnetic radiation was emitted in discrete packets (or quanta).
    • Contrary to the common belief that electromagnetic radiation can take continuous values of energy, Planck introduced a radical concept that electromagnetic radiation was emitted in discrete packets (or quanta) of energy.

  • Measuring Radiation Exposure

    • Radiation dosimetry is the measurement and calculation of the absorbed dose from exposure to indirect and direct ionizing radiation.
    • Radiation dosimetry is the measurement and calculation of the absorbed dose in matter and tissue resulting from exposure to indirect and direct ionizing radiation.
    • Radiation dose refers to the amount of energy deposited in matter and/or biological effects of radiation.
    • There are several ways of measuring doses from ionizing radiation, including personal dosimeters and ionization chambers.
    • Define the terms used to define radiation exposure, the gray (Gy) and sievert (Sv)

  • Radiation

    • In these examples, heat is transferred by radiation.
    • There is a clever relation between the temperature of an ideal radiator and the wavelength at which it emits the most radiation.
    • The rate of heat transfer by emitted radiation is determined by the Stefan-Boltzmann law of radiation:
    • If you knock apart the coals of a fire, there is a noticeable increase in radiation due to an increase in radiating surface area.
    • A black object is a good absorber and a good radiator, while a white (or silver) object is a poor absorber and a poor radiator.

  • Biological Effects of Radiation

    • Ionizing radiation is generally harmful, even potentially lethal, to living organisms.
    • Ionizing radiation is generally harmful, even potentially lethal, to living organisms.
    • Although radiation was discovered in the late 19th century, the dangers of radioactivity and of radiation were not immediately recognized.
    • Other conditions, such as radiation burns, acute radiation syndrome, chronic radiation syndrome, and radiation-induced thyroiditis are deterministic, meaning they reliably occur above a threshold dose and their severity increases with dose.
    • Two pathways of exposure to ionizing radiation exist.

  • Genetic Defects from Radiation

    • Ionizing radiation from fallout can cause genetic effects, birth defects, cancer, cataracts, and other organ and tissue defects.
    • Intermediate stage: from 10–12 weeks; deaths in this period are from ionizing radiation in the median lethal range.
    • Ionizing radiation from fallout can cause genetic effects, birth defects, cancer, cataracts, and other organ and tissue defects.
    • By directly or indirectly ionizing, radiation can affect a cell's ability to conduct repair and reproduction.
    • Recognize the name of the genetic defect that has been shown to be caused by acute radiation exposure during pregnancy

  • Radiation Detection

    • A radiation detector is a device used to detect, track, or identify high-energy particles.
    • A radiation detector is a device used to detect, track, or identify high-energy particles, such as those produced by nuclear decay, cosmic radiation, and reactions in a particle accelerator.
    • Modern detectors are also used as calorimeters to measure the energy of detected radiation.
    • Gaseous ionization detectors use the ionizing effect of radiation upon gas-filled sensors.
    • Scintillators are used by the American government, particularly Homeland Security, as radiation detectors.