public sector

Examples of public sector in the following topics:

• Trends in Labor-Management Relations

  • Labor trends include a declining union movement in the US, public sector unions, women leaders, and international unions.
  • Wisconsin, New York, and other states saw the emergence of public-sector unions, including:
  • After 1960, public sector unions grew rapidly and secured good wages and high pensions.
  • Daniel Disalvo notes, "In today's public sector, good pay, generous benefits, and job security make possible a stable middle-class existence for nearly everyone from janitors to jailors. "
  • In 2011, as states faced a growing fiscal crisis and the Republicans made major gains in the 2010 elections, public sector unions came under attack in Wisconsin, Indiana, New Jersey, and Ohio from conservative Republican legislatures.

• Government Failure

  • Government failure, also known as non-market failure, is the public sector version of market failure .
  • The expanded borrowing is in excess of its revenue which crowds out private sector investment due to higher interest rates.
  • Regulatory risk is a risk faced by private sector firms when there is a chance that regulatory changes will negatively affect their business.
  • The government is tied directly to the public sector.
  • Government failure is an analogy made by the public sector when market failure occurs.

• Government and Nonprofit Accounting

  • Governmental accounting is an umbrella term which refers to the various accounting systems used by various public sector entities.
  • There is an important difference between private sector accounting and governmental accounting.
  • In the government environment, public sector entities have differing goals, as opposed to the private sector entities' one main goal of gaining profit.
  • Government accounting refers to the field of accounting that specifically finds application in the public sector or government.
  • In other words, the representatives of the public, and officials appointed by them, must be accountable to the public for powers and tasks delegated.

• Employee Promotions

  • In the nonprofit sector pay increases are modest, so the prestige of a promotion is one of its main benefits.
  • In the private sector, promotion can include substantial salary increases, benefit increases, stock options, and various "perks," such as a bigger office or executive parking.
  • Generally speaking, there are more procedural safeguards against preferential treatment in the public sector as compared with the private sector, where senior managers enjoy broad discretion in making promotions.

• Modern Labor Organizations

  • Public sector unions are regulated partly by federal and partly by state laws.
  • Most of the recent gains in union membership have been in the service sector, while the number of unionized employees in the manufacturing sector has declined.
  • Historically, the rapid growth of public employee unions since the 1960s has served to mask an even more dramatic decline in private-sector union membership.
  • In general the public sector unions have shown robust growth rates because wages and working conditions are set through negotiations with elected local and state officials.
  • One explanation for loss of public support is simply the lack of union power.

• Social Innovation

  • On occasion, it also overlaps with innovation in public policy and governance.
  • Social innovation can take place within the government sector, the for-profit sector, the nonprofit sector (also known as the third sector), or in the spaces between them.
  • Research has focused on the types of platforms needed to facilitate such cross-sector collaborative social innovation.
  • The act of social innovation in a sector encompasses diverse disciplines within society.
  • Stephen Goldsmith, former Indianapolis mayor, engaged the private sector in providing many city services.

• Disinvestment and Deindustrialization

  • Second, deindustrialization may be indicated by a shift from manufacturing to the service sector— economic sectors that focus on serving others rather than producing some physical object.
  • This shift towards service sector employment would result a shrinking manufacturing sector.
  • The decline in employment in manufacturing sectors that comes about from this progress can indicate deindustrialization.
  • Another explanation focuses on economic restructuring—institutional and governmental encouragement of the development of a more robust service sector, often at the expense of the manufacturing sector.
  • Deindustrialization can have strongly negative effects in urban areas that were formerly heavily reliant upon the manufacturing sector .

• The Prevalence of Small Businesses

  • In the United States, roughly 20% of SMBs are concentrated in the goods-producing sector.
  • The 80% of SMBs that reside in the service-providing sector is largely a reflection of the overall U.S. economy (services over goods), as well as the greater feasibility of service industries for small-scale entry.
  • The high concentration of SMBs in the service-providing sector also reflects a few realities of business.
  • Maintaining quality across hundreds of locations in the service-providing sector is also, as you might imagine, not an easy task.
  • Small businesses often begin in the services sector due to a number of factors.

• The Service Economy

  • This is primarily due to the increasing importance and share of the service sector in the economies of most developed and developing countries.
  • In fact, the growth of the service sector has long been considered as an indicator of a country's economic progress.
  • The service sector is going through revolutionary change, which dramatically affects the way in which we live and work.
  • As their economies continue to develop, the importance of the service sector continues to grow.
  • As a result of these changes, people are leaving the agricultural sector to find work in the service economy.

• Work and Technology

  • Examples of service sector jobs are jobs in the medical services sectors, teachers, lawyers, and sales representatives.
  • Examples of service sector jobs are jobs in the medical services sectors, teachers, lawyers, and sales representatives.
  • The service sector consists of the "soft" parts of the economy—activities where people offer their knowledge and time to improve productivity, performance, potential, and sustainability.
  • The basic characteristic of this sector is the production of services instead of end products.