peripheral nervous system

Examples of peripheral nervous system in the following topics:

• Development of the Peripheral Nervous System

  • The peripheral nervous system develops from two strips of tissue called the neural crest, running lengthwise above the neural tube.
  • In vertebrates, the first sign of the nervous system is the appearance of a thin strip of cells along the center of the back, called the neural plate.
  • The inner portion of the neural plate (along the midline) is destined to become the central nervous system (CNS), the outer portion the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
  • Subsequently, neural crest cells from the roof plate of the neural tube undergo an epithelial to mesenchymal transition, delaminating from the neuroepithelium and migrating through the periphery where they differentiate into varied cell types, including pigment cells and the cells of the peripheral nervous system.
  • The neural tube will give rise to the central nervous system, while the neural crest will give rise to the peripheral nervous system.

• Comparing the Somatic and Autonomic Nervous Systems

  • The peripheral nervous system includes both a voluntary, somatic branch and an involuntary branch that regulates visceral functions.
  • The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is divided into the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system.
  • The somatic nervous system (SoNS) is the part of the peripheral nervous system associated with the voluntary control of body movements via skeletal muscles.
  • The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is the part of the peripheral nervous system that acts as a control system, functioning largely below the level of consciousness and controlling visceral functions.
  • The enteric nervous system is sometimes considered part of the autonomic nervous system, and sometimes considered an independent system.

• Regeneration of Nerve Fibers

  • The peripheral nervous system is able to repair and regenerate itself, but the central nervous system is incapable of doing so.
  • Neuroregeneration differs between the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and the central nervous system (CNS) by the functional mechanisms and especially by the extent and speed.
  • The nervous system is divided into two parts: the central nervous system, which consists of the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system, which consists of cranial and spinal nerves along with their associated ganglia.
  • Neuroregeneration in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) occurs to a significant degree.
  • Unlike peripheral nervous system injury, injury to the central nervous system is not followed by extensive regeneration.

• Introduction to the Nervous System

  • The general flow of information is that the peripheral nervous system (PNS) takes in information through sensory neurons, then sends it to the central nervous system (CNS) to be processed.
  • The nervous system can be divided into two major parts—the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
  • The peripheral nervous system includes a large system of nerves that are linked to the brain and spinal cord.
  • The PNS can be further subdivided into the autonomic nervous system and the somatic nervous system.
  • The nervous system of the human body, including the brain and spinal cord (central nervous system) and all the nerves of the body (peripheral nervous system).

• The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

  • The peripheral nervous system connects the central nervous system to environmental stimuli to gather sensory input and create motor output.
  • The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is one of the two major components of the body's nervous system.
  • The PNS can also be divided into two separate systems: the autonomic nervous system and the somatic nervous system.
  • The somatic nervous system controls systems in areas as diverse as the skin, bones, joints, and skeletal muscles.
  • The human nervous system, including both the central nervous system (in red: brain, brain stem, and spinal cord) and the peripheral nervous system (in blue: all other neurons and receptors).

• The Nervous System

  • The nervous system is composed of the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and the peripheral nervous system (nerves).
  • A classification of the nervous system can be performed under different aspects.
  • Two major divisions of the nervous system are the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
  • The peripheral nervous system consists of nerves that are connected to the brain (cranial nerves) and nerves that are connected to the spinal cord (spinal nerves).
  • The autonomic nervous system, also part of the peripheral nervous system, controls internal body functions that are not under conscious control.

• Organization of the Nervous System

  • A nervous system is what allows us to react to the changing environment around us.
  • The nervous system is an organ system that coordinates our actions by transmitting signals between different parts of our bodies.
  • In most animals, including humans, the nervous system consists of two parts: central and peripheral.
  • The peripheral nervous system (PNS) consists of sensory neurons, motor neurons, and neurons that communicate either between subdivisions of the PNS or connect the PNS to the CNS .
  • Gross organization of the nervous system, with the peripheral nervous system, the spinal, and the cortical levels.

• Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)

  • The autonomic nervous system is a part of the peripheral nervous system that controls visceral functions such as heart rate and digestion.
  • The autonomic nervous system (ANS or visceral nervous system or involuntary nervous system) is the part of the peripheral nervous system that acts as a control system functioning largely below the level of consciousness and controls visceral functions .
  • It is classically divided into two subsystems: the parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS) and sympathetic nervous system (SNS).
  • The enteric nervous system is sometimes considered part of the autonomic nervous system, and sometimes considered an independent system.
  • An illustration of neural control of the gut wall by the autonomic nervous system and the enteric nervous system.

• Neurons and Glial Cells

  • In most types of vertebrate animals, it consists of two main parts: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
  • The PNS includes motor neurons (mediating voluntary movement), the autonomic nervous system (comprising the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system, which regulate involuntary functions), and the enteric nervous system (a semi-independent part of the nervous system whose function is to control the gastrointestinal system).
  • Flatworms of the phylum Platyhelminthes have both a central nervous system, made up of a small "brain" and two nerve cords, and a peripheral nervous system containing a system of nerves that extend throughout the body.
  • In (f) vertebrates, the brain and spinal cord comprise the central nervous system, while neurons extending into the rest of the body comprise the peripheral nervous system.
  • Recall the differences in structure and function between the central and peripheral nervous systems

• Parasympathetic Responses

  • The parasympathetic nervous system regulates organ and gland functions during rest and is considered a slowly activated, dampening system.
  • The parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS, or occasionally PNS) is one of the two main divisions of the autonomic nervous system (ANS).
  • The autonomic nervous system (ANS, or visceral nervous system, or involuntary nervous system) is the part of the peripheral nervous system that acts as a control system, functioning largely below the level of consciousness and controlling visceral functions.
  • The sympathetic nervous system can be considered a quick response, mobilizing system; and the parasympathetic system is a more slowly activated, dampening system.
  • The parasympathetic nervous system, shown in blue, is a division of the autonomic nervous system.