Neoclassical Architecture

Examples of Neoclassical Architecture in the following topics:

• Neoclassical Architecture

• Architecture

  • Neoclassical architecture is an architectural style that was produced by the neoclassical movement that began in the mid-eighteenth century.
  • In form, Neoclassical architecture emphasizes the wall rather than chiaroscuro, and maintains separate identities to each of its parts.
  • The style uses Neoclassical architectural forms, minimal carving, planar expanses of highly grained veneers, and applied decorative painting.
  • Though neoclassical architecture employs the same classical vocabulary as Late Baroque architecture, it tends to emphasize its planar qualities rather than its sculptural volumes.
  • Discuss the characteristics of the "Louis XVI style" and the Directoire style of Neoclassical architecture in France.

• Academic Architecture

  • Beaux-Arts architecture expressed the academic neoclassical architectural style that was taught at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris.
  • Beaux-Arts architecture expresses the academic neoclassical architectural style taught at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris.
  • "Beaux Arts" describes the architectural style of over two centuries of instruction under academic authority: first, of the Académie royale d'architecture (1671–1793), then, following the French Revolution, the Architecture section of the Académie des Beaux-Arts.
  • Beaux-Arts training made great use of agrafes (clasps that links one architectural detail to another), interpenetration of forms, "speaking architecture" (architecture parlante) in which supposed appropriateness of symbolism could be taken to literal-minded extremes.
  • After centuries of dominating architectural schools and training processes, the Beaux-Arts style began fade in favor of Modernist architecture and the International Style on the eve of World War I.

• Neoclassicism

  • Neoclassicism grew to encompass all of the arts, including painting, sculpture, the decorative arts, theatre, literature, music and architecture.
  • However, Neoclassicism was felt most strongly in architecture, sculpture and the decorative arts, where classical models in the same medium were fairly numerous and accessible.
  • Neoclassical architecture was modelled after the classical style and, as with other art forms, was in many ways a reaction against the exuberant Rococo style.
  • The architecture of the Italian architect Andrea Palladio became very popular in the mid 18th century.
  • Executed in a classical style and adhering to classical themes, this sculpture is a typical example of the Neoclassical style.

• Postmodern

  • Postmodern architecture was a response to Modernism and a return to wit, ornamentation, and previous architectural traditions.
  • Postmodernity in architecture is said to be heralded by the return of wit, ornamentation, and references to previous architectural traditions.
  • A vivid example of this new approach was that Postmodernism saw the comeback of columns and other elements of premodern designs, sometimes adapting classical Greek and Roman examples--yet not simply recreating them like with Neoclassical architecture .
  • Postmodernism has its origins in the perceived failure of Modern architecture.
  • Contrast the characteristics of Postmodern architecture with that of Modern architecture.

• Gothic Architecture and Sculpture

  • The Gothic Revival is an architectural movement that began in the late 1740s in England.
  • Its popularity grew rapidly in the early 19th century, when increasingly serious and learned admirers of Neo-Gothic styles sought to revive medieval Gothic architecture, in contrast to the Neoclassical styles that were prevalent at the time.
  • To Pugin, Gothic architecture was infused with the Christian values that had been supplanted by classicism and were being destroyed by industrialization.
  • Gothic Architecture and Arch Elements in England from Charles Knight's Pictorial Gallery of Arts, 1858
  • Assess how the "spiritual" revival of Gothic architecture and sculpture countered the "rational" Neoclassical style of the same era.

• Artistic Conventions in Painting

  • The softness of paint application that was typical of Rococo painting is recognized as the opposite of the Neoclassical style.
  • The works of Jaques-Louis David are widely considered to be the epitome of Neoclassical painting; many painters combined aspects of Romanticism with a vaguely Neoclassical style before David's success, but these works did not strike any chords with audiences.
  • Typically, the subject matter of Neoclassical painting consisted of the depiction of events from history, mythological scenes, and the architecture and ruins of ancient Rome.
  • Jean Auguste Dominique ingress, a Neoclassical painter of history and portraiture, was one of David's students.
  • Identify artistic techniques and themes of Neoclassical painting, as well as its key proponents

• Renaissance Architecture in Venice

  • In the Veneto, the Renaissance ushered in a new era of architecture after a Gothic phase, which drew on classical Roman and Greek motifs.
  • Venice, the capital of the Veneto, has a rich and diverse architectural style, the most famous of which is the Gothic style.
  • This aesthetic, established through Palladio's publications, proved very popular and underwent a revival in the neoclassical period.
  • The front façade of the Villa Foscari features several neoclassical columns.
  • Describe the style of Venetian architecture during the Renaissance, and of Palladio in particular

• Revolution in France

  • The French neoclassical style would greatly contribute to the monumentalism of the French revolution.
  • The rationalism and simplicity of classical architecture was seen — in the Age of Enlightenment — as the antithesis of the backward-looking Gothic.
  • David was an influential French painter in the Neoclassical style, considered to be the preeminent painter of the Ancien Regime and revolutionary eras.
  • David's paintings are representative not only of the break between Rococo and Neoclassicalism, but also the glorification of republican virtues and revolutionary figures throughout the course of the French Revolution.
  • David's The Death of Marat uses neoclassical elements (such as the emphasized profile), to depict Marat as a revolutionary republican martyr.

• Neoclassical Sculpture