moiety

(noun)

a specific segment of a molecule

Related Terms

Examples of moiety in the following topics:

  • Two-Hybrid Analysis

    • In the split-ubiquitin system, two integral membrane proteins to be studied are fused to two different ubiquitin moieties: a C-terminal ubiquitin moiety ("Cub", residues 35–76) and an N-terminal ubiquitin moiety ("Nub", residues 1–34).
    • In addition to being fused to an integral membrane protein, the Cub moiety is also fused to a transcription factor (TF) that can be cleaved off by ubiquitin specific proteases.
    • Upon bait–prey interaction, Nub and Cub-moieties assemble, reconstituting the split-ubiquitin.

  • Waxes

    • The formulas for three well known waxes are given below, with the carboxylic acid moiety colored red and the alcohol colored blue.

  • A Structure Formula Relationship

    • Each nitrogen in the formula must be replaced by a CH moiety.

  • Addition of Lewis Acids (Electrophilic Reagents)

    • The electrophilic moiety of these reagents is the halogen.
    • To apply this mechanism we need to determine the electrophilic moiety in each of the reagents.
    • By using electronegativity differences we can dissect common addition reagents into electrophilic and nucleophilic moieties, as shown below.
    • Sulfenyl chlorides add in the opposite manner because the electrophile is a sulfur cation, RS(+), whereas the nucleophilic moiety is chloride anion (chlorine is more electronegative than sulfur).
    • These important synthetic transformations are illustrated for 2-methylpropene by the following equations, in which the electrophilic moiety is colored red and the nucleophile blue.

  • Condensation Polymers

    • Although polymers of this kind might be considered to be alternating copolymers, the repeating monomeric unit is usually defined as a combined moiety.

  • Reactions of Alkylidene Complexes

    • Since the carbene moiety of a Fischer carbene has many of the characteristics of a carbonyl group, it is instructive to begin our survey with some ester-like transformations.

  • The Payne Rearrangement

    • The equilibrium usually favors the more highly substituted epoxide moiety.

  • Glycosides

    • By attaching a sugar moiety to a lipid or benzenoid structure, the solubility and other properties of the compound may be changed substantially.
    • The oxonium moiety is only stable in acidic environments, and the color changes or disappears when base is added.

  • Some Polycyclic Heterocycles

    • The neurotoxins saxitoxin and tetrodotoxin both have marine origins and are characterized by guanidiniun moieties.
    • Two members of the B-vitamin complex, biotin and thiamine, incorporate such heterocyclic moieties.

  • Resolution of Racemates

    • The resolving moiety, i.e. the nut, is then removed, leaving the bolts separated into their right and left-handed forms.