mechanical advantage

(noun)

In a simple machine, the ratio of the output force to the input force.

Related Terms

Examples of mechanical advantage in the following topics:

  • Simple Machines

    • They can be described as the simplest mechanisms that use mechanical advantage (or leverage) to multiply force.
    • The ratio of the output force to the input force is the mechanical advantage of the machine.
    • If the machine does not absorb energy, its mechanical advantage can be calculated from the machine's geometry.
    • For instance, the mechanical advantage of a lever is equal to the ratio of its lever arms.
    • Describes the following terms as they relate to simple machine; input force, output force, input distance, output distance, mechanical advantage.

  • Antisense Agents

    • This approach has a great advantage.
    • Antisense agents can be specifically targeted to genes that control expression of antibiotic resistance mechanisms, thereby potentially restoring an antibiotic-sensitive phenotype to the cell.
    • The advantage of antisense therapy is that they can be manufactured fairly fast, they produce a lasting clinical effect, and they are highly specific to the target.
    • Discuss the mechanism of antisense agents and the advantages and disadvantages of antisense therapy

  • Acidobacteria

    • The ability to thrive under acidic conditions has promoted the evolution of highly efficient and effective mechanisms that lend them protection in these environments.
    • The mechanisms used to pump protons out are quick and effective.
    • This is advantageous as the intracellular proteins are not required to develop tolerance against highly acidic conditions.
    • Discuss the advantages that Acidobacteria have developed due to their ability to thrive in acidic conditions

  • Introduction to Market Exchange as an Allocative Mechanism

    • A major advantage of market exchange as an allocative mechanism is that once you have found others to contract or exchange with, each actor only needs information about their own preferences and what they are willing and able to do.
    • A second advantage attributed to the market is that it is flexible and provides information and incentive to encourage agents to adapt quickly to changes in technology, supplies of inputs and environmental conditions.

  • Introduction to Plasmids

    • Plasmids can be considered part of the mobilome because they are often associated with conjugation, a mechanism of horizontal gene transfer.
    • Plasmid host-to-host transfer requires direct mechanical transfer by conjugation, or changes in incipient host gene expression allowing the intentional uptake of the genetic element by transformation.
    • Rather, plasmids provide a mechanism for horizontal gene transfer within a population of microbes and typically provide a selective advantage under a given environmental state.
    • Plasmids can also provide bacteria with the ability to fix elemental nitrogen or to degrade recalcitrant organic compounds that provide an advantage when nutrients are scarce.

  • A Mechanism for Electrophilic Substitution Reactions of Benzene

    • A two-step mechanism has been proposed for these electrophilic substitution reactions.
    • The following four-part illustration shows this mechanism for the bromination reaction.
    • This mechanism for electrophilic aromatic substitution should be considered in context with other mechanisms involving carbocation intermediates.
    • In principle it could react by either mode 1 or 2, but the energetic advantage of reforming an aromatic ring leads to exclusive reaction by mode 2 (ie. proton loss).

  • Epigenetic Alterations in Cancer

    • Common in cancer cells, silencing genes, which occur through epigenetic mechanisms, include modifications to histone proteins and DNA.
    • Silencing genes through epigenetic mechanisms is very common in cancer cells and include modifications to histone proteins and DNA that are associated with silenced genes.
    • Because these changes are temporary and can be reversed (for example, by preventing the action of the histone deacetylase protein that removes acetyl groups, or by DNA methyl transferase enzymes that add methyl groups to cytosines in DNA) it is possible to design new drugs and new therapies to take advantage of the reversible nature of these processes.
    • In cancer cells, silencing genes through epigenetic mechanisms is a common occurrence.
    • Mechanisms can include modifications to histone proteins and DNA associated with these silencing genes.

  • Introduction

    • to understand the field of Human Resource Management and its potential for creating and sustaining competitive advantage
    • to show familiarity with mechanisms to create employee voice and influence

  • Expert Systems

    • For example: "If it is living then it is mortal. " This dialog interface has the advantage of speaking in everyday language, which is very rare in computer science (a classic computer program must be written in a specific programming language in order for the computer to understand and carry out instructions) .
    • The basic advantages offered by such a system are documentation of knowledge, intelligent decision support, self learning, reasoning and explanation.

  • The Payne Rearrangement

    • The first diagram below illustrates three such reactions, and a general mechanism is written in the gray-shaded box.
    • Even though the terminal epoxide is a minor component of the Payne equilibrium, its kinetic advantage in the ring opening step determines the final product.