mandate

Examples of mandate in the following topics:

• Federal Mandates

  • According to the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (UMRA), an intergovernmental mandate can take various forms.
  • Mandates can be applied either vertically or horizontally.
  • Vertically applied mandates refer to mandates directed by a level of government at a single department or program.
  • Horizontally applied mandates refer to mandates that affect various departments or programs.
  • In early 1995, Congress passed unfunded mandate reform legislation.

• The Mandate of Heaven

  • The Zhou Dynasty overthrew the Shang Dynasty and justified it through the Mandate of Heaven.
  • The Mandate of Heaven did not require a ruler to be of noble birth, and had no time limitations.
  • Instead, rulers were expected to be good and just in order to keep the Mandate.
  • The Zhou claimed that their rule was justified by the Mandate of Heaven.
  • However, the Mandate of Heaven philosophy carried on throughout ancient China.

• The 21st Amendment

  • The Twenty-first Amendment to the United States Constitution repealed the Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which had mandated nationwide Prohibition on alcohol on January 17, 1920.

• Gender Inequality in Health Care

  • The Obama administration faced another controversy over gender equity in healthcare in 2012 with the administration's contraceptive mandate.
  • The premise of the contraceptive mandate demonstrates present inequities in the American health care industry for male and female patients.
  • In the context of the 2012 contraceptive mandate debate, health care professionals' assessments that contraception is an integral component for women's health care, regardless of sexual activity, went largely unaddressed.

• Society Under the Zhou Dynasty

  • Under the initial period of the Zhou Dynasty (called the Western Zhou period), a number of innovations were made, rulers were legitimized under the Mandate of Heaven, a feudal system developed, and new forms of irrigation allowed the population to expand.
  • A number of important innovations took place in this period: the Zhou moved away from worship of Shangdi, the supreme god under the Shang, in favor of Tian ("heaven"), they legitimized rulers through the Mandate of Heaven (divine right to rule), they moved to a feudal system, developed Chinese philosophy, and made new advances in irrigation allowed more intensive farming, which allowed the lands of China to sustain larger populations.

• The Kansas-Nebraska Act

  • The Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 mandated that popular sovereignty would determine the slave or free status in the region.
  • Douglas (IL), repealed the Missouri Compromise of 1820 and mandated that popular sovereignty would determine any new territory's slave or free status.
  • Douglas and other representatives hoped that by tagging on the popular sovereignty mandate, they could avoid confronting the slave issue in the organization of the Kansas-Nebraska territory.

• Civil Rights of People with Disabilities

  • It mandated that local, state, and federal governments and programs be accessible to people with disabilities, that employers with more than 15 employees make "reasonable accommodations" for workers with disabilities and not discriminate against otherwise qualified workers on the basis of disability, and that public spaces such as restaurants and stores make "reasonable modifications" to ensure accessibility.
  • The act also mandated the accessibility of public transportation, communication, and other publicly provided services.

• The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)

  • The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation is an independent agency whose mandate is to maintain stability and public confidence in financial system.

• Toxoplasmosis

  • Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii and its life cycle mandates a definitive host which are cats.

• Disadvantages of LIFO

  • This move has created a mandate to converge IFRS and U.S.