limestone

Examples of limestone in the following topics:

• Monotypes

  • The surface, called the matrix, was historically a copper etching plate or limestone litho stone, but in contemporary work, zinc, glass, or polymer are often used.
  • A traditional lithograph is made by drawing an image with oil, fat, or wax onto the surface of a smooth, level limestone block.
  • A traditional lithograph is made by drawing an image with oil, fat, or wax onto the surface of a smooth, level limestone block.

• Malagan Carvings

  • Kulap are carved from chalk limestone native to the region, and they are often painted; they are expressly produced by artisans from the Rossel Mountains.
  • The chalk limestone used for carving kulap is found in the river beds of the hilly Punam region of southern New Ireland.
  • Kulap figurines, made of chalk or limestone, are currently preserved in many museums in Berlin, New York, Australia, and Africa.

• Architecture of the Middle Kingdom

  • Ancient Egyptian architects used sun-dried bricks, fine sandstone, limestone, and granite for their building purposes.
  • Typical for Middle Kingdom pyramids, the Black Pyramid, although encased in limestone, is made of mud brick and clay instead of stone.
  • Middle Kingdom pyramids consist of mud brick and clay encased in limestone.

• The Alkaline Earth Metals

  • Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) is mainly used in the construction industry and for making limestone, marble, chalk, and coral.
  • Calcium and magnesium are abundant in the earth's crust, making up several important rock forming minerals such as dolomite (dolostone) and calcite (limestone).

• Architecture in the Greek High Classical Period

  • Materials used included thin slabs of Pentelic marble in the superstructure and limestone at the platform.
  • The rows of limestone seats filter out low-frequency sounds, such as the murmur of the crowd, and amplify high-frequency sounds from the stage.

• Sculpture in the Greek Orientalizing Period

  • A small limestone statue of a kore (maiden), known as the Lady of Auxerre (650-625 BCE), from Crete demonstrates the style of early Greek figural sculptures.

• Artifacts of Assyria

  • Erected during a time of civil war (825 BCE), the limestone Black Obelisk of Shalmaneser III is the most intact Assyrian obelisk found to date.
  • This limestone obelisk contains 20 registers depicting conquered kings paying tribute to Assyrian power and celebrating the military campaigns of Shalmaneser III.

• Egyptian Monuments

  • Ancient Egyptian architects carefully planned buildings, aligning them with astronomically significant events such as solstices and equinoxes, and used mainly sun-baked mud brick, limestone, sandstone and granite.
  • This limestone statue of a reclining sphinx (a mythical creature with a lion's body and a human head) is located on the Giza Plateau to the west of the Nile.

• Sculpture of the Old Kingdom

  • Carved out of limestone, it represents a mythical creature known as a sphinx, with a lion's body and a human head.
  • Paints were obtained from minerals such as iron ores (red and yellow ochres), copper ores (blue and green), soot or charcoal (black), and limestone (white).

• Sculpture in Mesopotamia

  • Materials range from alabaster to limestone to gypsum, depending on each figure's significance.
  • The votive figure—made from alabaster, shell, black limestone, and bitumen—depicts a male worshiper of Enil, a powerful Mesopotamian god.
  • The lapis lazuli, shell, red limestone decoration, and the head of the bull are original.