Examples of Leydig cell in the following topics:
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- However, it is known that initiation of spermatogenesis occurs at puberty due to the interaction of the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and Leydig cells.
- The Leydig cells are also capable of producing estradiol in addition to their main product testosterone.
- In the testes, LH binds to receptors on Leydig cells, which stimulates the synthesis and secretion of testosterone.
- Testosterone is made in the interstitial cells of the testes.
- Inhibin is secreted by the Sertoli cells and acts to decrease the levels of FSH.
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- Although testicular cancer can be derived from any cell type found in the testicles, more than 95% of testicular cancers are germ cell tumors .
- Most of the remaining 5% are sex cord-gonadal stromal tumors derived from Leydig cells or Sertoli cells.
- Most testicular germ cell tumors have too many chromosomes, and most often they are triploid to tetraploid.
- About half of germ cell tumors of the testis are seminomas.
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- The tubules are lined with a layer of cells (germ cells) that develop into sperm cells (also known as spermatozoa or male gametes) from puberty into old age.
- The developing sperm travels through the seminiferous tubules to the rete testis located in the mediastinum testis, to the efferent ducts, and then to the epididymis where newly-created sperm cells mature.
- Leydig cells, localized between seminiferous tubules, produce and secrete testosterone and other androgens important for sexual development and puberty, including secondary sexual characteristics such as facial hair and sexual behavior.
- The sertoli cells are the testis’ somatic cells necessary for testis development
and spermatogenesis.
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- FSH enters the testes, stimulating the Sertoli cells, which help to nourish the sperm cells that the testes produce, to begin facilitating spermatogenesis.
- LH also enters the testes, stimulating the interstitial cells, called Leydig cells, to make and release testosterone into the testes and the blood.
- The Sertoli cells produce the hormone inhibin, which is released into the blood when the sperm count is too high.
- If the sperm count reaches 20 million/ml, the Sertoli cells cease the release of inhibin, allowing the sperm count to increase.
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- Progesterone and estrogen are secreted by granulosal cells, whereas testosterone is produced by thecal cells.
- Prior to ovulation
follicle-stimulating hormone is secreted by the granulosal cells which converts testosterone into
estradiol.
- Testosterone is secreted by
Leydig cells which are located between the
seminiferous tubules.
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- LH stimulates production of the sex hormones (androgens) by the Leydig cells of the testes.
- It is also called interstitial-cell-stimulating hormone.
- In females, FSH stimulates development of egg cells (or ova) in structures called follicles.
- Follicle cells produce the hormone inhibin, which inhibits FSH production in the female reproductive system.
- Oxytocin also stimulates the contraction of myoepithelial cells around the milk-producing mammary glands.
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- This decrease in responsiveness can be attributed to a decrease in IGF-I signaling pathways with advanced cell age.
- Testosterone is a steroid hormone secreted by the Leydig cells.
- Estradiol is the female equivalent of testosterone and is secreted from granulosa cells.
- In vitro, cells treated with testosterone demonstrated a decrease in Ab release.
- Estrogen acts on the nucleus of the cell by binding with the nuclear endoplasmic reticulum (ER).
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- LH stimulates the Leydig cells of the testes to make testosterone and blood levels begin to rise.
- For females, as the amplitude of LH pulses increases, the theca cells of the ovaries begin to produce testosterone and smaller amounts of progesterone.
- Much of the testosterone moves into nearby cells called granulosa cells.
- Smaller increases of FSH induce an increase in the aromatase activity of these granulosa cells, which converts most of the testosterone to estradiol for secretion into the circulation.
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- The walls of the seminiferous tubules are composed of the developing sperm cells, with the least-developed sperm at the periphery of the tubule and the fully-developed sperm in the lumen.
- The sperm cells are mixed with "nursemaid" cells called Sertoli cells which protect the germ cells and promote their development.
- Other cells mixed in the wall of the tubules are the interstitial cells of Leydig; these cells produce high levels of testosterone once the male reaches adolescence.
- Sperm consist of a flagellum (as a tail), a neck that contains the cell's energy-producing mitochondria, and a head that contains the genetic material .
- When the sperm have developed flagella, or lash-like appendages that protrude from the cell body, and are nearly mature, they leave the testicles and enter the epididymis.
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- Three basic categories of cells make up the mammalian body: germ cells, somatic cells, and stem cells.
- Pluripotent stem cells undergo further specialization into multipotent progenitor cells that then give rise to functional cells.
- Hematopoietic stem cells (adult stem cells) from the bone marrow that give rise to red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets
- Mesenchymal stem cells (adult stem cells) from the bone marrow that give rise to stromal cells, fat cells, and types of bone cells;
- Epithelial stem cells (progenitor cells) that give rise to the various types of skin cells