Examples of Innate immunity in the following topics:
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- Innate immune system functions are rapid responses that work to inhibit a pathogen as soon as it is detected in the body.
- Innate immune system functions from leukocytes include:
- Compared to the innate immune system, adaptive immune functions work much faster and have a memory component to them as well, which prevents reinfection by the same pathogen, but more time typically passes before the adpative immune system is functional.
- Adaptive immune functions of leukocytes include:
- The T cells will then start the adaptive immune response by rapidly proliferating and differentiating.
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- The innate immune response has physical and chemical barriers that exist as the first line of defense against infectious pathogens.
- The immune system comprises both innate and adaptive immune responses.
- Innate immunity occurs naturally due to genetic factors or physiology.
- In the innate immune response, any pathogenic threat triggers a consistent sequence of events that can identify the type of pathogen and either clear the infection independently or mobilize a highly-specialized adaptive immune response.
- The skin is considered the first defense of the innate immune system; it is the first of the nonspecific barrier defenses.
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- Innate immune systems are found in all plants and animals.
- Innate, or nonspecific, immunity is the natural resistance with which a person is born.
- Adaptive immunity is often sub-divided into two major types depending on how the immunity was introduced.
- Both naturally and artificially acquired immunity can be further subdivided depending on whether immunity is induced in the host or passively transferred from an immune host.
- A further subdivision of adaptive immunity is characterized by the cells involved; humoral immunity is the aspect of immunity that is mediated by secreted antibodies, whereas the protection provided by cell-mediated immunity involves T lymphocytes alone.
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- The immune system protects organisms from infection first with the innate immune system, then with adaptive immunity.
- Innate immune systems are found in all plants and animals.
- Both innate and adaptive immunity depend on the ability of the immune system to distinguish between self and non-self molecules.
- This type of immunity is both active and adaptive because the body's immune system prepares itself for future challenges.
- Active immunity often involves both the cell-mediated and humoral aspects of immunity as well as input from the innate immune system .
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- Mammalian immune systems evolved for protection from such pathogens.
- However, we are born with only innate immunity, developing our adaptive immune response after birth.
- Components of both immune systems constantly search the body for signs of pathogens.
- When pathogens are found, immune factors are mobilized to the site of an infection.
- Eosinophils play a variety of roles in the immune response.
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- These PAMPs allow the immune system to recognize "self" from "other" so as not to destroy the host.
- The immune system has specific cells with receptors that recognize these PAMPs .
- Interleukins are involved in bridging the innate and adaptive immune responses.
- Leukocytes (1, 2, 3) are white blood cells that play an important role in the body's immune system.
- Describe the role of PAMPs and PRRs, interferons, and other cytokines in innate immunity
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- The humoral immune response is the aspect of immunity that is mediated by secreted antibodies.
- The humoral immune response (HIR) is the aspect of immunity that is mediated by secreted antibodies produced by B cells.
- There are two types of humoral immunity, active and passive humoral immunity.
- Active humoral immunity refers to any form of immunity that occurs as a result of the formation of an adaptive immune response from the body's own immune system.
- Artificial active immunity is the result of immunization from vaccination.
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- Inflammation is one of the first responses of the immune system to infection.
- However, if microbe numbers grow beyond their typical ranges (often due to a compromised immune system) or if microbes populate atypical areas of the body (such as through poor hygiene or injury), disease can result.
- Normal flora bacteria can act as opportunistic pathogens at times of lowered immunity.
- This is because of their ability to become pathogenic in immune compromised hosts.
- Though people can survive with no gut flora, the microorganisms perform a host of useful functions such as fermenting unused energy substrates, training the immune system, preventing growth of harmful species, regulating the development of the gut, producing vitamins for the host (such as biotin and vitamin K), and producing hormones to direct the host to store fats.
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- Innate behaviors, such as kinesis, taxis, and migration, are instinctual responses to external stimuli.
- Innate or instinctual behaviors rely on response to stimuli.
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- Naturally acquired active immunity occurs when a person is exposed to a live pathogen, develops the disease, and then develops immunity.
- Immunity is the state of protection against infectious disease conferred either through an immune response generated by immunization or previous infection, or by other non-immunological factors.
- Naturally acquired active immunity occurs when the person is exposed to a live pathogen, develops the disease, and becomes immune as a result of the primary immune response.
- Immunization (commonly referred to as vaccination) is the deliberate induction of an immune response, and represents the single most effective manipulation of the immune system that scientists have developed .
- The principle behind immunization is to introduce an antigen, derived from a disease-causing organism, that stimulates the immune system to develop protective immunity against that organism, but which does not itself cause the pathogenic effects of that organism.