Graft-versus-host disease

Examples of Graft-versus-host disease in the following topics:

• Predisposing Factors

  • The spread and severity of infectious disease is influenced by many predisposing factors.
  • The spread and severity of infectious disease is influenced by many predisposing factors.
  • Another example is chronic granulomatous disease which directly affects the ability of the host immune system to fight invaders.
  • Overall health is a very important factor in preventing disease.
  • In general, deliberately-induced immunosuppression is performed to prevent the body from rejecting an organ transplant, treating graft-versus-host disease after a bone marrow transplant, or for the treatment of autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease.

• Type IV (Delayed Cell-Mediated) Reactions

  • Other examples include: temporal arteritis, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, symptoms of leprosy, symptoms of tuberculosis, coeliac disease, graft-versus-host disease and chronic transplant rejection.

• Radiation

  • Cesium-137 is used in small hospital units to treat blood before transfusion in order to prevent Graft-versus-host disease.

• Cell-Mediated Autoimmune Reactions

  • In coeliac disease it seems likely that B cells that recognize transglutamine tissue are helped by T cells that recognize gliadin.
  • When tolerance to self proteins is lost, DQ may become involved in autoimmune disease.
  • Two autoimmune diseases in which HLA-DQ is involved are celiac disease and diabetes mellitus type 1.
  • As a variable cell surface receptor on immune cells, these D antigens, originally HL-A4 antigens, are involved in graft versus host disease when lymphoid tissues are transplanted between people.
  • Define cell-mediated autoimmunity and describe the mechanisms that are thought to operate in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disease

• Rickettsial Diseases

  • Rickettsia is a genus of bacteria that can be transmitted by arthropod vectors to humans, causing diseases.
  • Rickettsia is a genus of bacteria that can be transmitted by arthropod vectors to humans, causing disease.
  • They are obligate intracellular parasites, and must replicate within the cytoplasm of eukaryotic host cells.
  • They have also been associated with a range of plant diseases.
  • Rickettsia rickettsii is a small bacterium that grows inside the cells of its hosts.

• Normal Genitourinary Microbiota

  • Some of these organisms perform tasks that are useful for the human host.
  • Those that are expected to be present and that under normal circumstances do not cause disease, but instead participate in maintaining health, are deemed members of the normal flora.
  • Their role forms part of normal, healthy human physiology; however, if microbe numbers grow beyond their typical ranges (often due to a compromised immune system) or if microbes populate atypical areas of the body (such as through poor hygiene or injury), disease can result.
  • Bacterial cells are much smaller than human cells, and there are at least ten times as many bacteria as human cells in the body (approximately 1014 versus 1013).

• Other Infectious Eye Diseases

  • Pathogenesis of the fungal contaminants includes a wide range of factors such as invasiveness, toxigenicity, and host factors.
  • Stromal disease is an immune response.
  • A single-celled parasite called Toxoplasma gondii causes a disease known as toxoplasmosis.
  • Ophthalmologists sometimes prescribe medicine to treat active disease.
  • Whether or not medication is recommended depends on the size of the eye lesion, the location, and the characteristics of the lesion (acute active, versus chronic not progressing).