Golgi tendon organ

Examples of Golgi tendon organ in the following topics:

• Proprioceptive Sensations

  • The Golgi organ (also called Golgi tendon organ, tendon organ, neurotendinous organ or neurotendinous spindle) is a proprioceptive sensory receptor organ that is located at the insertion of skeletal muscle fibers onto the tendons of skeletal muscle.
  • It provides the sensory component of the Golgi tendon reflex.
  • The Golgi organ should not be confused with the Golgi apparatus—an organelle in the eukaryotic cell—or the Golgi stain, which is a histologic stain for neuron cell bodies.
  • The Golgi tendon reflex is a normal component of the reflex arc of the peripheral nervous system.
  • The Golgi tendon organ contributes to the Golgi tendon reflex and provides proprioceptive information about joint position.

• Muscle Tone

  • Muscle tone is controlled by neuronal impulses and influenced by receptors found in the muscle and tendons.
  • A similar system is found in the tendons attaching muscle to bone.
  • Distinct stretch receptors called golgi tendon organs assess the level of stretch within the tendon.
  • The sensitivity of the golgi tendon organ is significantly less than that of the spindle, so it is thought they exist to prevent damage rather than control muscle tone.

• Spinal Reflexes

  • Spinal reflexes include the stretch reflex, the Golgi tendon reflex, the crossed extensor reflex, and the withdrawal reflex.
  • Spinal reflexes include the stretch reflex, the Golgi tendon reflex, the crossed extensor reflex, and the withdrawal reflex.
  • The Golgi tendon reflex is a normal component of the reflex arc of the peripheral nervous system.
  • The sensory receptors for this reflex are called Golgi tendon receptors, and lie within a tendon near its junction with a muscle.
  • The Golgi tendon organ, responsible for the Golgi tendon reflex, is diagrammed with its typical position in a muscle (left), neuronal connections in spinal cord (middle), and expanded schematic (right).

• Classification of Nerves

  • A-alpha fibers are the primary receptors of the muscle spindle and golgi tendon organ.

• Muscle Attachment Sites

  • Tendons are composed of connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone.
  • These proteins play a key role in maintaining the organization of the tendon, especially during compression and extension.
  • Not all muscle attaches via tendons.
  • It is the thickest and strongest tendon in the body.
  • Tendons are a common tissue that connect muscle to bone.

• Reflexes and Diagnosis

  • The stretch reflexes (often called deep tendon reflexes, though not to be confused with Golgi tendon reflexes) provide information on the integrity of the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system.

• Overview of the Musculoskeletal System

  • The musculoskeletal system is an organ system that enables an organism to move, support itself, and maintain stability during locomotion.
  • The musculoskeletal system is made up of the body's bones (the skeleton), muscles, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, joints, and other connective tissue that supports and binds tissues and organs together.
  • Its primary functions include supporting the body, allowing motion, and protecting vital organs.
  • A tendon is a tough, flexible band made of fibrous connective tissue, and functions to connect muscle to bone.
  • These provide cushions between bones and tendons and/or muscles around a joint.

• Functions of the Musculoskeletal System

  • The body's bones (the skeletal system), muscles (muscular system), cartilage, tendons, ligaments, joints, and other connective tissue that supports and binds tissues and organs together comprise the musculoskeletal system.
  • For example, the bones of the skeletal system protect the body's internal organs and support the weight of the body .
  • Within these joints, bones are connected to other bones and muscle fibers via connective tissue such as tendons and ligaments .
  • Within these joints, bones are connected to other bones and muscle fibers via connective tissue such as tendons and ligaments.
  • The bones of the skeletal system protect the body's internal organs, support the weight of the body, and serve as the main storage system for calcium and phosphorus.

• Major Histocompatibility Complex Antigens (Self-Antigens)

  • A complex series of vessicles enable MHC transport from the cell, and the endoplasmic reticulum and golgi bodies facilitate this transport during antigen processing.
  • However, surgically replaced, or "grafted" organs are very often rejected by the body's immune system.
  • These drugs are effective at stopping acute organ rejection after the procedure, but will not stop chronic organ rejection, in which gradual vascular lesions and endothelial thickening slowly kills the graft.
  • Additionally, if an organ donor has HLA similar to that of the recipient, the risk of organ rejection is reduced, however this isn't feasible for organ transplants of the heart, liver, or lungs, because there generally isn't enough time to find a matching organ donor to help a patient with diseases of these illnesses.
  • MHC-I/peptide complexes enter Golgi apparatus, are glycosylated, enter secratory vesicles, fuse with the cell membrane, and externalize on the cell membrane interacting with T lymphocytes.

• Phase-Contrast Microscopy

  • Internal details and organelles of live, unstained organisms (e.g. mitochondria, lysosomes, and the Golgi body) can be seen clearly with this microscope.