fistula

Examples of fistula in the following topics:

• Lymphogranuloma Venereum

  • These changes can further progress to necrosis, abscesses and fistulas.

• Heart Failure

  • This can occur from severe anemia, Gram negative septicaemia, beriberi (vitamin B1/thiamine deficiency), thyrotoxicosis, Paget's disease (a bone disease that puts strain upon the heart), arteriovenous fistulae, or arteriovenous malformations.

• Anastomoses

  • Pathological anastomoses result from trauma or disease and are usually referred to as fistulae.

• Congenital Heart Defects

  • Defects in any of these structures are associated with an increased incidence of other symptoms, together referred to as VACTERL association: V - Vertebral anomalies, A - Anal atresia, C - Cardiovascular anomalies, T - Tracheoesophageal fistula, E - Esophageal atresia, R - Renal (Kidney) and/or radial anomalies, L - Limb defects.