First Indochina War

Examples of First Indochina War in the following topics:

• Indochina: The Background to War

  • The opposition against the French imperial presence, competing factions in Vietnam, and involvements of Western powers, China, and the Soviet Union led to the First Indochina and later Second Indochina Wars.
  • Soon thereafter, the Viet Minh began a guerrilla war against the French Union forces, beginning the First Indochina War.
  • The First Indochina War began in French Indochina on December 19, 1946 and lasted until August 1, 1954.
  • On June 30, 1950, the first U.S. supplies for Indochina were delivered.
  • Summarize the factors leading up to the First and Second Indochina Wars.

• The Eisenhower Administration

  • Eisenhower was a favorite of the New Dealers during the war, especially Franklin D.
  • During his campaign, Eisenhower had promised to end the stalemated Korean War (1950-1953).
  • In 1954, he sent Allen Welsh Dulles as a delegate to the Geneva Conference, which ended the First Indochina War and temporarily partitioned Vietnam into a Communist northern half (under Ho Chi Minh) and a non-Communist southern half (under Ngo Dinh Diem).
  • Regardless, Britain, France, and Israel made war on Egypt and seized the canal.
  • The Soviet Union also later beat the U.S. for the first human in space, Yuri Gagarin, on April 12, 1961.

• Degrees of Neutrality

  • While World War II consumed the globe, a few states were neutral throughout the war, such as Ireland, Portugal, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland .
  • During World War II, these countries took no official side during the war in their hopes to avoid being attacked by the Axis Powers or in becoming involved the aerial attacks of the Axis and Allied Powers.
  • First, Portugal wanted to continue to maintain its alliance with Great Britain as it had for the last six hundred years (that is, supplying troops in times of need and when invaded by a foreign power).
  • After the Japanese incursion into Indochina, the United States embargoed iron, steel and mechanical parts against Japan.
  • Identify the nation states that remained neutral throughout World War II.

• The Military Implementation of Containment

  • The Korean War was the first militarized instance of containment, as U.S. and South Korea fought against communist North Korea.
  • The Korean War was the first militarized instance of containment, as U.S. and South Korea fought against communist North Korea.
  • On June 27, 1950 the United Nations security Council first adopted a ceasefire resolution.
  • The United States agreed to send troops over on June 30 along with increasing aid to the French fight against Communists rebels in Indochina.
  • In the first few weeks of fighting the U.S. troops were pushed back to a defensive perimeter at Pusan.

• Japanese Expansion

  • Moreover, successful foreign wars gave the populace a sense of martial pride in their nation.
  • During the Meiji period, such nationalists railed against the unequal treaties, but in the years following the First World War, Western criticism of Japanese imperial ambitions and restrictions on Japanese immigration changed the focus of the nationalist movement in Japan.
  • During the first part of the Shōwa era, racial discrimination against other Asians was habitual in Imperial Japan, having begun with the start of Japanese colonialism.
  • These ambitions led to the outbreak of the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1937.
  • In July 1941, the United States, Great Britain, and the Netherlands froze all Japanese assets when Japan completed its invasion of French Indochina by occupying the southern half of the country, further increasing tension in the Pacific.

• Pearl Harbor

  • The attack led to the United States' entry into World War II.
  • Because the attack happened without a declaration of war and without explicit warning, the attack on Pearl Harbor was judged by the Tokyo Trials to be a war crime.
  • The U.S. ceased oil exports to Japan in July 1941, following Japanese expansion into French Indochina after the fall of France, in part because of new American restrictions on domestic oil consumption.
  • First, it intended to destroy important American fleet units, thereby preventing the Pacific Fleet from interfering with Japanese conquest of the Dutch East Indies and Malaya and to enable Japan to conquer Southeast Asia without interference.
  • "In all the war I never received a more direct shock.

• Attack on Pearl Harbor

  • In 1937, Japan invaded China, starting what would become known as the Second Sino-Japanese War.  
  • After the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, the war would merge into the greater conflict of World War II as a major front of what is broadly known as the Pacific War.
  • In 1940, Japan invaded French Indochina in an effort to control supplies reaching China.
  • Following Japanese expansion into Indochina and the fall of France, in July 1941, the U.S. ceased oil exports to Japan.
  • The following day (December 8), the United States declared war on Japan.

• The Potsdam Conference

  • The goals of the conference also included the establishment of post-war order, peace treaty issues, and countering the effects of the war.
  • While inexperienced in foreign affairs, Truman had closely followed the allied progress of the war.
  • However, the Potsdam Conference marks the first and only time Truman would ever meet Stalin in person.
  • It was agreed that British forces would take the surrender of Japanese forces in Saigon for the southern half of Indochina, whilst Japanese troops in the northern half would surrender to the Chinese.
  • Agreement on war reparations to the Soviet Union from their zone of occupation in Germany.

• The Strategic Bombing of Europe

  • Despite the German use of strategic bombing in Poland in September 1939, in the first months of the war, the Allies attempted to avoid the strategy in order to minimize civilian causalities.
  • The Royal Air Force (RAF) carried out its first strategic bombing raid on Germany at Mönchengladbach on May 11, 1940.
  • The first true practical demonstrations were on the night of March 28/29, 1942, when 234 aircraft bombed the ancient Hanseatic port of Lübeck.
  • In Asia, the Allies dropped over 18 thousand bombs on Thailand and in August 1942, the United States undertook the first air raids in French Indochina.
  • Much of the doubt about the effectiveness of the bomber war comes from the oft-stated fact German industrial production increased throughout the war.

• Nixon and Foreign Policy

  • The Nixon Doctrine (also known as the Guam Doctrine) was first issued by Nixon in a press conference in Guam on July 25, 1969.
  • First, the United States would keep all of its treaty commitments.
  • Following the North Vietnamese takeover of South Vietnam, a reunited Vietnam subsequently invaded the Democratic Kampuchea (Cambodia) during the Cambodian-Vietnamese War and fought the Third Indochina War, or the Sino-Vietnamese War, against a Chinese invasion.
  • However, the Arab-Israeli conflict was not a major focus of Nixon's attention during his first term—for one thing, he felt that no matter what he did, American Jews would oppose his reelection, and much of his efforts during his first term were geared toward ensuring his reelection.
  • The term was first applied to describe the efforts of United States Secretary of State Henry Kissinger, beginning November 5, 1973, which facilitated the cessation of hostilities following the Yom Kippur War.