feedforward processing

Examples of feedforward processing in the following topics:

• Functions of the Cerebellum in Integrating Movements

  • The cerebellum differs from most other parts of the brain in that the signal processing is almost entirely feedforward—that is, signals move unidirectionally through the system from input to output, with very little recurrent internal transmission.
  • This feedforward mode of operation means that the cerebellum, in contrast to the cerebral cortex, cannot generate self-sustaining patterns of neural activity.
  • Signals enter the circuit, are processed by each stage in sequential order, and then leave.
  • Thus, the cerebellar network receives a modest number of inputs, processes them very extensively through its rigorously structured internal network, and sends out the results via a very limited number of output cells.

• Functions of the Cerebellum

  • Cerebellar function was once believed to be motor-specific, but newer findings suggest the cerebellum is also involved in higher-level brain processing.
  • Although a full understanding of cerebellar function has remained elusive, at least four principles have been identified as important: feedforward processing, divergence and convergence, modularity, and plasticity.
  • Feedforward processing: The cerebellum differs from other parts of the brain (especially the cerebral cortex) in that the signal processing is almost entirely feedforward.
  • This feedforward mode of operation means that the cerebellum, in contrast to the cerebral cortex, cannot generate self-sustaining patterns of neural activity.
  • Signals enter the circuit, are processed by each stage in sequential order, and then leave.

• Internal and External Control

  • Control uses information from the past and present and projections for the future to create effective control processes.
  • These are called feedback, concurrent control, and feedforward, respectively.
  • Concurrent control is active engagement in a current process where observations are made in real time.
  • Feedforward is predictive in nature.
  • Diagram the control process of feedback, concurrent control, and feedforward within the organizational control context

• Modulation of Movement by the Cerebellum

  • This feedforward mode of operation means that the cerebellum cannot generate self-sustaining patterns of neural activity, in contrast to the cerebral cortex.
  • However, the cerebellum can receive information from the cerebral cortex and processes this information to send motor impulses to the skeletal muscle.
  • Although a full understanding of cerebellar function remains elusive, at least four principles are identified as important: 1) feedforward processing, 2) divergence and convergence, 3) modularity, and 4) plasticity.
  • Feedforward processing: Refers to the unidirectional movement of signals through the system from input to output, with very little recurrent internal transmission.
  • Signals enter the circuit, are processed by each stage in sequential order, and then leave.

• Feedback, Concurrent Control, and Feedforward

• Gastrointestinal Reflex Pathways

  • These alternative sensory responses from outside the digestive system are also known as feedforward reflexes.

• Introduction to the Writing Process

• Processes

  • A process is defined as: (1) a series of progressive, interrelated steps or actions from which an end result is attained, or (2) a prescribed procedure or a method of conducting affairs.
  • Either way, processes form the belief systems, philosophies or thought patterns that constitute the work environments in which goods and services are manufactured (seen from this angle, a business process can also be referred to as a ‘business model' or ‘the way we do things around here').
  • Most practitioners agree that for any business process to function properly, total commitment from all involved is mandatory.
  • Success is also reliant upon a perfect fit between the process, its product, and the business's customers.

• Process Art

  • Process art is concerned with actual creation and how actions can be defined as art, seeing the expression of the artistic process as more significant than the art that is created by the process.
  • Process art often focuses on motivation, intent, and the rationale, with art viewed as a creative journey or process rather than needing to lead to a traditional fine art object destination.
  • The process art movement began in the U.S. and Europe in the mid-1960s.
  • Change, transience, and embracing serendipity are themes in process art.
  • Differentiate the focus of Process Art with that of product-focused artists.

• The Importance of Productivity

  • The main processes of a company are:
  • Real process and production process are often seen as focal points in efficiency, but monetary concerns and market value are also very important.
  • Real process - Real process generates the production output from input.
  • Production process - Production process is the real process and the income distribution process.
  • Monetary and market value processes - Monetary process refers to financing a business and the inputs of production.