eye contact

Examples of eye contact in the following topics:

• Eye Contact

  • Eye contact is the meeting of the eyes between two individuals.
  • The study of eye contact is sometimes known as oculesics.
  • Eye contact can establish a sense of intimacy between two individuals, such as the gazes of lovers or the eye contact involved in flirting.
  • Alternatively, avoiding eye contact can establish distance between people.
  • When in crowds, people tend to avoid eye contact in order to maintain privacy.

• Eye Contact and Facial Expression

  • The eyes can indicate interest, attention, and involvement with audience members, while failure to make eye contact can be interpreted as disinterest.
  • Lack of eye contact is usually perceived to be rude or inattentive in Western cultures.
  • But different cultures have different rules for eye contact.
  • Others lower their eyes to signal respect; eye contact is avoided in Nigeria, and between men and women of Islam.
  • However, in Western cultures, lowered eyes and avoiding eye contact could be misinterpreted as lacking self-confidence.

• Learning to Communicate Nonverbally

  • Messages can be communicated through gestures and touch, by body language or posture, or by facial expression and eye contact.
  • While listening, try to observe the speaker's posture, clothing, gestures, and eye contact.
  • When two people look at each other's eyes at the same time, they are making eye contact.
  • Disinterest is highly noticeable when individuals make little or no eye contact in a social setting.
  • Generally speaking, the longer the established eye contact between two people, the greater the intimacy levels.

• Cultural Differences in Approaching Criticism

  • When giving criticism, it is important to keep in mind cultural differences such as eye contact, verbal style, and speaker expectations.
  • Face is usually thought of as a sense of self-worth, especially in the eyes of others.
  • Rules about maintaining eye contact vary from culture to culture and influence how we approach feedback, questioning, and criticism.
  • In many traditional Arab cultures it is inappropriate for a woman to maintain eye contact with a man.
  • It is important not to construe lack of eye contact as a sign of indifference or disrespect.

• Read Feedback Cues

  • Attentive eye contact: Are audience members looking directly at you attentively or are they looking around?
  • Consistent eye contact can indicate that a person is interested and thinking positively about the speaker's subject.
  • If you maintain eye contact with your audience while speaking, you can observe the cues and adapt your message.
  • For example, eye contact can be misleading because cultural norms about it vary widely.
  • Direct eye contact may show attentiveness to the North American speaker but be considered a confrontation in another culture.

• The Responding Stage

  • Nonverbal signals can include gestures such as nodding, making eye contact, tapping her pen, fidgeting, scratching or cocking her head, smiling, rolling her eyes, grimacing, or any other body language.
  • Nonverbal responses like nodding or eye contact allow the listener to communicate her level of interest without interrupting the speaker, thereby preserving the speaker/listener roles.

• Other Infectious Eye Diseases

  • Fungi and viruses such as herpes simplex can cause eye infections.
  • Microbial corneal infection is the most serious and "most common vision threatening" complication of wearing contact lenses, which is believed to be strongly associated with contact lens cases.
  • Factors that contribute to fungal contamination of contact lenses include, but not limited to, hygiene negligence such as: improper sterilization and disinfection of contact lenses, use of contaminated lenses, contaminated contact lens case, contaminated contact lens solution, wearing of contact lenses during eye infections and introduction of micro-organisms from the environment.
  • Treatment of herpes of the eye is different based on its presentation.
  • Acyclovir ophthalmic ointment and Trifluridine eye drops have similar effectiveness but are more effective than Idoxuridine and Vidarabine eye drops.

• Portals of Microbe Entry

  • direct physical contact (usually by touching soil contamination or a contaminated surface)
  • Horizontal disease transmission occurs from one individual to another in the same generation (peers in the same age group), and can occur by either direct contact (licking, touching, biting), or indirect contact.
  • In droplet contact and other airborne transmission it is generally the respiratory system through the nose, mouth, or eye surfaces.
  • In direct physical and indirect contact it is generally through a wound in the skin or through a mucous membrane.
  • Some diseases that are transmissible by direct contact include Athlete's foot and impetigo.

• Bacterial Eye Diseases

  • Conjunctivitis, also called pink eye or Madras eye, is inflammation of the conjunctiva, which consists of the outermost layer of the eye and the inner surface of the eyelids.
  • The infection can be spread from eye to eye by fingers, shared towels or cloths, coughing and sneezing, and by eye-seeking flies.
  • Bacterial infection of the cornea can follow from an injury or from result from wearing contact lenses.
  • The bacteria involved are Staphylococcus aureus and, for contact lens wearers, Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
  • In addition, contact lens wearers are typically advised to discontinue contact lens wear and replace contaminated contact lenses and contact lens cases.

• Development of Vision

  • The eye forms from the neural tube, epidermis, and the periocular mesenchyme, with sequential inductions of tissue during development.
  • The organogenesis of the eye is an example of a developmental cascade of inductions with three different tissues contributing to its differentiations.
  • Epidermis: The optic vesicles come into contact with the epithelum and induce the epidermis.
  • The mesenchyme contributes to the cornea, iris, ciliary body, sclera, and blood vessels of the eye.
  • The eyes make their appearance before the closure of the anterior end of the neural tube.