Examples of city council in the following topics:
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- Lastly, there is the local level of organizations, which include city and county committees, precinct and ward committees, party activists and volunteers, and party identifiers and voters.
- There are several different types of local government at the municipal level, generally reflecting the needs of different levels of population densities; typical examples include the city, town, borough, and village.
- Most cities have City Councils.
- There is a president and a president pro tempore in city councils.
- The city is split into districts in which the councilman or councilwoman represents.
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- One example of Progressive reform was the rise of the city-manager system, in which paid, professional engineers ran the day-to-day affairs of city governments under guidelines established by elected city councils.
- City governments were reorganized to reduce the power of local ward bosses, and to increase the powers of the city council.
- This system is part of the council-manager style of government.
- Under the council–manager form of government for municipalities, the elected governing body (commonly called a "city council," "city commission," "board of aldermen," or "board of selectmen") is responsible for the legislative function of the municipality such as establishing policy, passing local ordinances, determining voting appropriations, and developing an overall vision.
- The position of “mayor” present in this type of legislative body is a largely ceremonial title, and may be selected by the council from among its members or elected as an at-large council member with no executive functions.
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- Progressivism led to a shift in city governance from a mayor and an ineffective council to a stronger council or commission structure.
- The system whereby a city was governed by a powerful mayor and council was replaced by the council-manager or the commission system.
- Under the council-manager system, the council would pass laws while the manager would ensure their execution.
- After 1910, smaller cities began building high schools.
- Progressive mayors were important in many cities, especially in the western states.
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- One such stoa is the Basileios Stoa, or Royal Stoa, which housed the Areios Pagos council.
- The Areios Pagos council was in charge of the city's religious affairs and crimes, and the stoa was also used to house copies of the Athenian law.
- A new Bouleuterion or meeting chamber for the city's council was also built in the agora during the Classical period.
- This building replaced the original building used for city council meetings, the Metroon, which was a building dedicated to an earth goddess, either Cybele, Rhea, or Demeter.
- The Agora's location in the center of the city, just below the Acropolis, notes its importance.
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- The system whereby a city was governed by a powerful mayor and council was replaced by the council-manager, or the commission system.
- Under the council-manager system, the council would pass laws, while the manager would ensure their execution.
- Assess the impact of progressive reform at the city and state levels
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- The Security Council (UNSC) is charged with maintaining peace and security among countries.
- The Economic and Social Council promotes international economic and social progress through cooperation and development.
- The United States is a charter member of the United Nations and one of five permanent members of the UN Security Council.
- Since 1991 the United States has been the world's dominant military, economic, social and political power (plus it hosts the UN Headquarters itself in New York City ).
- This picture shows the UN Secretariat's headquarters in New York City.
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- Denmark, England, Flanders, the Holy Roman Empire, Hungary, Ireland, Norway, Portugal, Poland, Sweden, Republic of Venice, and other city states of northern Italy recognized the Roman claimant.
- The suggestion to have a church council resolve the schism was first made in 1378, but was not initially adopted because canon law required that a pope call a council.
- Finally, a council was convened at Constance by Pisan pope John XXIII in 1414 to resolve the issue.
- The council elected Pope Martin V in 1417, essentially ending the schism.
- Habemus Papam (the announcement of a new pope) at the Council of Constance, 1415.
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- As Athens' ruler, he helped the city to prosper with a resplendent culture and democratic institutions.
- Once the Assembly gave
its decision in a certain matter, the issue was raised to the Council, or Boule, to provide definitive approval.
- The Council consisted of
500 members, 50 from each tribe, and functioned as an extension of the
Assembly.
- Council members were chosen by lot in a similar manner to magistrates
and supervised the work of the magistrates in addition to other legal projects
and administrative details.
- They also oversaw the city-state’s external
affairs.
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- These included small family groups of hunter-gatherers as well as larger, heavily structured clan groups and autonomous city-states and kingdoms.
- Other kingdoms were ruled by kings or priest kings: for example the Yoruba city-state of Ife established its government under a priestly oba ("king") called the Ooni of Ife.
- Many African communities were governed and administered by a council of elders.
- For many tribes, such as the Balanta people, a person would be initiated into the Council through a ceremony.
- Elders in Dan society often wore masks that served as agents of social control, enforcing the council's rules and orders.
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- It built huge cities, monopolized bronze, and developed writing, until it was overthrown by the Zhou.
- Instead, a council of chosen advisers administered various aspects of the government.
- Archaeologists have also found ancient cities that correspond with the Shang Dynasty.
- This city also had palaces, workshops, and city walls.
- Anyang, in modern-day Henan, is another important (but slightly later) Shang city that has been excavated.