Battle of Vienna

(noun)

A battle that took place in 1683 after the imperial city of Vienna had been besieged by the Ottoman Empire for two months. The battle was fought by the Habsburg Monarchy, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Holy Roman Empire, under the command of King John III Sobieski against the invading Muslim Ottoman Empire and its vassal and tributary states.

Related Terms

Examples of Battle of Vienna in the following topics:

  • Fragmentation of the Holy Roman Empire

    • In 1516, Ferdinand II of Aragon, grandfather of the future Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, died.
    • In addition to conflicts between his Spanish and German inheritances, conflicts of religion would be another source of tension during the reign of Charles V.
    • Charles V continued to battle the French and the Protestant princes in Germany for much of his reign.
    • At the Battle of Vienna (1683), the Army of the Holy Roman Empire, led by the Polish King John III Sobieski, decisively defeated a large Turkish army, ending the western colonial Ottoman advance and leading to the eventual dismemberment of the Ottoman Empire in Europe.
    • Francis' House of Habsburg-Lorraine survived the demise of the empire, continuing to reign as Emperors of Austria and Kings of Hungary until the Habsburg empire's final dissolution in 1918 in the aftermath of World War I.

  • Diplomatic Consequences of the Congress of Vienna

  • Early Wars with Austria and Britain

    • Napoleon's was one of three French armies sent with the aim to eventually reach Vienna (two other engaged in the campaign on the Rhine).
    • At the Battle of the Nile, eleven French ships of the line and two frigates were eliminated, trapping Bonaparte in Egypt and changing the balance of power in the Mediterranean.
    • Narrowly avoiding defeat, he defeated the Austrians at the Battle of Marengo and reoccupied northern Italy.
    • Moreau meanwhile invaded Bavaria and won a great battle against Austria at Hohenlinden.
    • He continued toward Vienna and the Austrians sued for peace.

  • Napoleon's Military Record

    • With French forces marching towards Vienna, the Austrians sued for peace and agreed to the Treaty of Campo Formio, ending the First Coalition against the Republic.
    • Napoleon's forces annihilated a series of Egyptian and Ottoman armies at the battles of the Pyramids, Mount Tabor, and Abukir.
    • He returned in the fall of 1799 to cheering throngs in the streets despite the Royal Navy's critical triumph at the Battle of the Nile in 1798.
    • He fought 60 battles, losing only seven, mostly at the end.
    • Battle of the Pyramids on July 21, 1798 by Louis-François, Baron Lejeune, 1808.

  • "The Hour of Maximum Danger"

    • On June 4, 1961, Kennedy met with USSR leader Khrushchev at the Vienna Summit .
    • Shortly after Kennedy returned home from the Vienna Summit, the USSR announced its intention to sign a treaty with East Berlin, abrogating any third-party occupation rights in either sector of the city.
    • In the weeks immediately after the Vienna summit and the USSR treaty with East Berlin, more than 20,000 people fled from East Berlin to the western sector in reaction to statements from the USSR.
    • In the Vienna summit meeting in June 1961, Khrushchev and Kennedy reached an informal understanding against nuclear testing, but the Soviet Union began testing nuclear weapons that September.
    • Kennedy meeting Nikita Khrushchev at the Vienna Summit in June, 1961.

  • The Battle of Leyte Gulf

    • The Battle of Leyte Gulf is generally considered the largest naval battle of World War II and possibly the largest naval battle in history.
    • The Battle of Leyte Gulf, also called the Battles for Leyte Gulf, and formerly known as the Second Battle of the Philippine Sea, is generally considered to be the largest naval battle of World War II and, by some criteria, possibly the largest naval battle in history.
    • The Battle of Leyte Gulf consisted of four separate major engagements between the opposing forces: the Battle of the Sibuyan Sea, the Battle of Surigao Strait, the Battle of Cape Engaño, and the Battle of Samar; there were also other lesser actions.
    • Kamikaze strikes were first used by the Japanese in the Battle of Leyte Gulf
    • Identify the notable facts and the four major engagements of the Battle of Leyte Gulf.

  • The Allied Push to Berlin

    • By March, the Western Allies crossed the Rhine north and south of the Ruhr, encircling the German Army Group B, while the Soviets advanced to Vienna.
    • Two days later, on 30 April, as the Battle of Berlin raged above him, realizing that all was lost and not wishing to suffer Mussolini's fate, German dictator Adolf Hitler committed suicide in his Führerbunker along with Eva Braun, his long-term partner whom he had married less than 40 hours before their joint suicide.
    • The Battle of Berlin, designated the Berlin Strategic Offensive Operation by the Soviet Union, was the final major offensive of the European theatre of World War II.
    • Before the main battle in Berlin commenced, the Red Army encircled the city after successful battles of the Seelow Heights and Halbe.
    • After the battle, Soviet soldiers hoist the Soviet flag on the balcony of the Hotel Adlon in Berlin

  • The Battle of Bull Run

    • The Battle of Bull Run, the first major battle of the Civil War, demonstrated to the public that the conflict would not be resolved quickly or easily.
    • The First Battle of Bull Run, called the "Battle of First Manassas" by the Confederacy, was fought on July 21, 1861, in Prince William County, Virginia, near the city of Manassas.
    • It was the first major land battle of the American Civil War, but is also significant for demonstrating to the wider public the inexperience of both armies and the intractable nature of the conflict given the inability of either side to achieve a quick or decisive victory.
    • Johnston arrived from the Shenandoah Valley by railroad and the course of the battle quickly changed.
    • This figure shows the direction of Union attack and Confederate reinforcement at the First Battle of Bull Run.

  • Defining Consumers

    • It is important to note that consumers (or customers) play a vital role in the economic system of a nation.
    • In marketing, there are six types of target markets:
    • Commercial Markets (consisting of service companies, non-manufacturing companies, and not-for-profit organizations)
    • It is important to note that consumers (or customers) play a vital role in the economic system of a nation .
    • Example of an open food market in Vienna, showing how consumers play an important role in a nation's economy.

  • Foreign Intervention

    • In August 1791, Leopold and King Frederick William II of Prussia, in consultation with emigrant French nobles, issued the Declaration of Pillnitz, which declared the interest of the monarchs of Europe in the well-being of Louis and his family and threatened vague but severe consequences if anything should befall them.
    • In less than a year, French armies under Napoleon decimated the Habsburg forces and evicted them from the Italian peninsula, winning almost every battle and capturing 150,000 prisoners.
    • With French forces marching towards Vienna, the Austrians sued for peace and agreed to the Treaty of Campo Formio, ending the First Coalition against the Republic.
    • French success in these conflicts ensured the spread of revolutionary principles over much of Europe.
    • On August 10, the Tuileries Palace was stormed in a bloody battle with Swiss Guards protecting it, the surviving of which were massacred by the mob.