bast fibers

Examples of bast fibers in the following topics:

• Pre-European Hawaiian Art

  • Kapa is a fabric made by Native Hawaiians from the bast fibres of certain species of trees and shrubs.
  • Kapa is a kind of bark cloth, or fabric made by Native Hawaiians from the bast fibers of certain species of trees and shrubs.

• Invention of Paper

  • Cai Lun's paper was made using mulberry and other bast fibers along with fishnets, old rags, and hemp waste.
  • His basic process of creating felted sheets of fiber suspended in water, then draining the water and allowing the fibers to dry in a thin matted sheet is still followed today.

• Dietary Fiber

  • Lignin, a major dietary insoluble fiber source, may alter the fate and metabolism of soluble fibers.
  • The term "fiber" is something of a misnomer since many types of so-called dietary fiber are not actually fibrous.
  • Dietary fiber is found in plants.
  • Fiber-rich plants can be eaten directly.
  • The plum's skin is a source of insoluble fiber while soluble fiber is in the pulp.

• Characteristics of Connective Tissue

  • Connective tissue fibers provide support.
  • Three types of fibers are found in connective tissue:
  • Elastic fibers are long, thin fibers that form branching network in the extracellular matrix.
  • Reticular fibers are short, fine collagenous fibers that can branch extensively to form a delicate network.
  • Collagen fibers are the strongest and most abundant of all the connective tissue fibers.

• Overview of Motor Integration

  • When a motor unit is activated, all of its fibers contract.
  • The number of muscle fibers within each unit can vary.
  • Motor units are generally recruited in order of smallest to largest (from fewest fibers to most fibers) as contraction increases.
  • These small motor units may contain only 10 fibers per motor unit.
  • These muscles may have as many as a thousand fibers in each motor unit.

• Slow-Twitch and Fast-Twitch Muscle Fibers

  • Most muscles are made up of combinations of these fibers, although the relative number substantially varies.
  • Unlike slow-twitch fibers, fast twitch-fibers rely on anaerobic respiration (glycolysis alone) to produce two molecules of ATP per molecule of glucose.
  • As fast-twitch fibers generally do not require oxygenation, they contain fewer blood vessels and mitochondria than slow-twitch fibers and less myoglobin, resulting in a paler colour.
  • Muscles controlling eye movements contain high numbers of fast-twitch fibers (~85% fast-twitch).
  • Describe the different types of skeletal muscle fibers and their respective functions

• Classification of Nerves

  • These classifications apply to both sensory and motor fibers.
  • The A group is further subdivided into four types (A-alpha, A-beta, A-delta, and A-gamma fibers) based on the information carried by the fibers and the tissues they innervate.
  • The primary role of B fibers is to transmit autonomic information.
  • C fiber axons are grouped together into what is known as Remak bundles.
  • A-delta and C fibers both contribute to the detection of diverse painful stimuli.

• Parasympathetic (Craniosacral) Division

  • The motor root carries presynaptic parasympathetic nerve fibers (general visceral efferent fibers) that terminate in the ganglion by creating a synapse for the postsynaptic fibers traveling to target organs.
  • The sympathetic root carries postsynaptic sympathetic fibers (general visceral efferent fibers) that traverse the ganglion without creating a synapse.
  • The sensory root carries general sensory fibers (general somatic afferent fibers) that also do not create a synapse in the ganglion.
  • Some ganglia also carry special sensory fibers (special visceral afferent) for taste sensation.
  • Pre- and post-ganglionic fibers and targets are depicted.

• Fiber

  • Fiber arts refer to the use of plant, animal, or synthetic fibers to construct practical or decorative objects, prioritizing aesthetic value over utility.
  • Fiber arts, in particular, refer to objects made with these fibers; they focus on the materials and the manual labor of the artist, and tend to prioritize aesthetic value over utility.
  • In order for the fiber to be made into cloth, it must be spun into a strand.
  • Another fiber art technique is quilting, in which layers of fabric are sewn together .
  • Recently, quilted fiber art wall hangings have become popular with art collectors.

• Preganglionic Neurons

  • In the autonomic nervous system (ANS), nerve fibers that connect the central nervous system to ganglia are known as preganglionic fibers.
  • In the autonomic nervous system (ANS), fibers from the central nervous system to the ganglion are known as preganglionic fibers.
  • Sympathetic preganglionic fibers tend to be shorter than parasympathetic preganglionic fibers because sympathetic ganglia are often closer to the spinal cord while parasympathetic preganglionic fibers tend to project to and synapse with the postganglionic fiber close to the target organ.
  • Another major difference between the two ANS systems is divergence, or the number of postsynaptic fibers a single preganglionic fiber creates a synapse with.
  • Pre- and post-ganglionic fibers and targets are depicted.