arginine vasopressin

Examples of arginine vasopressin in the following topics:

• Developmental Changes in Fluids

  • Hormonal mechanisms including the renin-angiotensin system, aldosterone, and vasopressin are involved in modifying fetal renal excretion, reabsorption of sodium and water, and regulation of vascular volume.
  • The hypothalamic-neurohypophysial system plays a fundamental role in the maintenance of body fluid homeostasis by secreting arginine vasopressin (AVP) and oxytocin (OT) in response to a variety of signals, including osmotic and non-osmotic stimuli.

• The Stress Response

  • The paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalmus contains neuroendocrine neurons which synthesize and release vasopressin—a hormone which acts in the HPA axis as a vasoconstrictor—and corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH).
  • CRH and vasopressin are released from nerve terminals.
  • CRH gets transported to the anterior pituitary through the circulatory system and vasopressin is transported by axonal transport to the anterior pituitary.
  • There, CRH and vasopressin act to stimulate the secretion of ACTH from the cells where it is synthesized.

• Biological Influences on Sexual Motivation

  • Biologically, sexual motivation is influenced by hormones such as testosterone, estrogen, progesterone, oxytocin, and vasopressin.
  • The hormones oxytocin and vasopressin may also help to regulate males' sexual motivation.
  • Vasopressin is involved in the male arousal phase, and the increase of vasopressin during erectile response may be directly associated with increased motivation to engage in sexual behavior.
  • Research suggests that testosterone, oxytocin, and vasopressin are also implicated in female sexual motivation in similar ways that they are for males, but more research is needed to understand these relationships.

• α-Amino Acids

  • Lysine and arginine have basic amine functions in their side-chains; histidine and tryptophan have less basic nitrogen heterocyclic rings as substituents.
  • Arginine is a basic amino acid.
  • The solute molecules of arginine therefore carry an excess positive charge, and they move toward the cathode.
  • As expected, such compounds display three inflection points in their titration curves, illustrated by the titrations of arginine and aspartic acid shown below.
  • The very high pH required to remove the last acidic proton from arginine reflects the exceptionally high basicity of the guanidine moiety at the end of the side chain.

• The Posterior Pituitary

  • Pars nervosa, also called the neural lobe or posterior lobe, constitutes the majority of the posterior pituitary and is the storage site of oxytocin and vasopressin.
  • Antidiuretic hormone (ADH, also known as vasopressin), the majority of which is released from the supraoptic nucleus in the hypothalamus.

• Regulation of Water Output

  • The hormones ADH (anti-diuretic hormone, also known as vasopressin) and aldosterone, a hormone created by the renin-angiotensin system play a major role in this.
  • Osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus detect the increased plasma osmolarity and stimulate the posterior pituitary gland to secrete ADH, which is also known as vasopressin.

• Chemistry of Hormones

  • Peptide hormones consist of short chains of amino acids for example vasopressin which is secreted by the pituitary gland and regulates osmotic balance; or longer chains such as insulin secreted by the pancreas which regulates glucose metabolism.

• Short-Term Chemical Control

• Biology of Sexual Behavior

  • Vasopressin is involved in the male arousal phase, and the increase of vasopressin during erectile response may be directly associated with increased motivation to engage in sexual behavior.
  • Research suggests that testosterone, oxytocin, and vasopressin are also implicated in female sexual motivation in similar ways as they are in males, but more research is needed to understand these relationships.

• Vascular Spasm

  • Vasoconstriction may be induced by drugs called vasopressins, which increase blood pressure and can help treat certain conditions.