anti-globalization

Examples of anti-globalization in the following topics:

• Examples of Social Movements

• Ethical Barriers

  • The anti-globalization movement is a worldwide activist movement that is critical of the globalization of capitalism.
  • Anti-globalization activists are particularly critical of the undemocratic nature of capitalist globalization and the promotion of neoliberalism by international institutions such as the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank.
  • Other common targets of anti-corporate and anti-globalization movements include the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the WTO, and free trade treaties like the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA), the Multilateral Agreement on Investment (MAI), and the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS).
  • Labor, economic, and environmental activists succeeded in disrupting and closing the meetings due to their disapproval of corporate globalization.
  • This event came to symbolize the increased debate and growing conflict around the ethical questions on international trade, globalization and capitalization .

• Types of Social Movements

  • ., anti-globalization).

• Trade

  • The agreement was intended to prevent national trade barriers that could create global economic depressions.
  • The anti-globalization movement is critical of the globalization of corporate capitalism for these reasons.
  • Many anti-globalization activists, however, call for forms of global integration that provide better democratic representation, advancement of human rights, fair trade and sustainable development and therefore feel the term "anti-globalization" is misleading.
  • In general, the anti-globalization movement is especially opposed to the various abuses which are perpetuated by globalization and the international institutions which are believed to promote neoliberalism without regard to ethical standards.
  • The anti-globalization movement is considered a rather new and modern day social movement, as the issues it is fighting against are relevant in today's time.

• Debates over Globalization

  • While proponents argue globalization is beneficial to economic growth, opponents argue that it contributes to global inequality.
  • Those opposed to globalization view one or more globalizing processes as detrimental to social well-being on a global or local scale.
  • Anti-globalization, or counter-globalization, consists of a number of criticisms of globalization, but can be generally described as a criticism of the globalization of corporate capitalism.
  • Opponents of globalization in developed countries are disproportionately middle class and college educated; this contrasts sharply with the situation in developing countries, where anti-globalization movements have been more successful in enlisting a broader group, including millions of workers and farmers.
  • One of the most recent manifestations of the anti-global capitalism movement is the Occupy Movements.

• Globalization and the U.S.

  • Further, environmental challenges such as global warming, cross-boundary water and air pollution, and over-fishing of the ocean are linked with globalization.
  • Academic literature commonly subdivides globalization into three major areas: economic globalization, cultural globalization, and political globalization.
  • Multiple anti-globalization movements have emerged out of this concern, protesting against globalization and giving new momentum to the defense of local uniqueness, individuality, and identity.
  • In general, globalization may ultimately reduce the importance of nation states.
  • As a response to globalization, some countries have embraced isolationist policies.

• The Internationalization of the United States

  • Globalization is seen by these proponents as the beneficial spread of liberty and capitalism.
  • The idea of free trade is opposed by many anti-globalization groups, based on the assertion that free trade agreements generally do not increase the economic freedom of the poor or the working class, and frequently make the poor even poorer.
  • The diffusion of certain cuisines such as American fast food chains is a visible aspect of cultural globalization: the two most successful global food and beverage outlets, McDonald's and Starbucks, are American companies often cited as examples of globalization, with over 32,000 and 18,000 locations operating worldwide, respectively, as of 2008.
  • Some critics of globalization argue that it harms the diversity of cultures.
  • In this way, globalization can contribute to the alienation of individuals from their traditions.

• Propaganda and the Mass Media

  • An example that Herman and Chomsky identified was "anti-communism" during the Cold War.
  • Such anti-ideologies exploit public fear and hatred of groups that pose a potential threat, either real, exaggerated or imagined.
  • According to the liberal watchdog group Fairness and Accuracy In Reporting, there was a disproportionate focus on pro-war sources while total anti-war sources only made up 10% of the media (with only 3% of US sources being anti-war).
  • With regard to global warming, the media (in the interest of those who make a tremendous amount of money from fossil fuels) gives near equal balance to people who deny climate change, despite only "about one percent" of climate scientists taking this view. 
  • An example of Anti-Japanese propaganda, depicting a racist caricature of a Japanese soldier saying "go ahead, please—TAKE DAY OFF!"

• Unfair Competition Argument

  • In many ways, the global markets are torn between pursuing what is best on the global level and what is best at the domestic level, and there is sometimes dissonance between the two.
  • A popular recent topic is anti-dumping policies directed at international players looking to undercut domestic business through selling at dramatically reduced prices.
  • Another critical risk in the global market is intellectual property (IP) protection.
  • On a global scale, however, it is quite common for developing nations to copy new technologies via reverse engineering.
  • Another unfair competition threat is the emergence of global monopolies.

• Infant Industry Argument

  • Trade protectionism is defined as national policy restricting international economic trade to alter the balance between imports and goods manufactured domestically, usually executed via policies and governmental regulations such as import quotas, tariffs, taxes, anti-dumping legislation, and other limitations.
  • Technology advanced rapidly, and without strategic alliances on a global scale, Brazil largely missed out on these advances.
  • This protectionism seems to have damaged industry prospects on a global level for Brazil in this scenario.
  • The reason for this is quite simply the significant jump in prosperity as international trade expanded, and the huge capacity for specialization, economies of scale, technology sharing, and a host of other advantages that have been a direct result of free global markets.
  • As a result of this, protecting infant industries can benefit the nation employing them, but generally with the opportunity cost of global value.