Examples of founder effect in the following topics:
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- In this situation, it is improbable that those individuals are representative of the entire population, which results in the founder effect.
- The founder effect occurs when the genetic structure changes to match that of the new population's founding fathers and mothers.
- The founder effect is believed to have been a key factor in the genetic history of the Afrikaner population of Dutch settlers in South Africa, as evidenced by mutations that are common in Afrikaners, but rare in most other populations.
- The founder effect occurs when a portion of the population (i.e.
- "founders") separates from the old population to start a new population with different allele frequencies.
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- Random events that alter allele frequencies will have a much larger effect when the gene pool is small.
- The founder effect occurs when part of a population becomes isolated and establishes a separate gene pool with its own allele frequencies.
- When a small number of individuals become the basis of a new population, this new population can be very different genetically from the original population if the founders are not representative of the original.
- Together, the forces of natural selection, genetic drift, and founder effect can lead to significant changes in the gene pool of a population.
- Here are three possible outcomes of the founder effect, each with gene pools separate from the original populations.
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- Gregor Johann Mendel was a German-speaking Moravian scientist and Augustinian friar who gained posthumous fame as the founder of the modern science of genetics.
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- From a single species, called the founder species, numerous species have evolved .
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- The effectiveness and safety of drugs can be determined through pharmacogenomics.
- Pharmacogenomics, also called toxicogenomics, involves evaluating the effectiveness and safety of drugs on the basis of information from an individual's genomic sequence.
- Studying changes in gene expression could provide information about the transcription profile in the presence of the drug, which can be used as an early indicator of the potential for toxic effects.
- Personal genome sequence information can be used to prescribe medications that will be most effective and least toxic on the basis of the individual patient's genotype.
- Metagenomics can be used to identify new species more rapidly and to analyze the effect of pollutants on the environment .
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- Results of climate change, past and present, have been documented and include species extinction, rising sea levels, and effects on organisms.
- Phenology is the study of the effects of climatic conditions on the timing of periodic lifecycle events, such as flowering in plants or migration in birds.
- This mismatched timing of plants and pollinators could result in injurious ecosystem effects because, for continued survival, insect-pollinated plants must flower when their pollinators are present.
- The effect of global warming can be seen in the continuing retreat of Grinnel Glacier.
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- Diffusion is effective over a specific distance and limits the size that an individual cell can attain.
- The center of the cell does not receive adequate nutrients nor is it able to effectively dispel its waste.
- This has an effect on diffusion because it relies on the surface area of a cell: as a cell gets bigger, diffusion becomes less efficient.
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- Effects of growth hormone on the tissues of the body can generally be described as anabolic (building up).
- Increased height during childhood is the most widely-known effect of GH.
- Thus, GH exerts some of its effects by binding to receptors on target cells, where it activates a pathway that directly stimulates division and multiplication of chondrocytes of cartilage.
- IGF-1 has growth-stimulating effects on a wide variety of tissues.
- IGF-1 also has stimulatory effects on osteoblast and chondrocyte activity to promote bone growth.
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- A conceptual model describes ecosystem structure and dynamics and shows how environmental disturbances affect the ecosystem, although its ability to predict the effects of these disturbances is limited.
- Analytical and simulation models are mathematical methods of describing ecosystems that are capable of predicting the effects of potential environmental changes without direct experimentation, although with limitations in accuracy.
- An analytical model is created using simple mathematical formulas to predict the effects of environmental disturbances on ecosystem structure and dynamics.
- A simulation model is created using complex computer algorithms to holistically model ecosystems and to predict the effects of environmental disturbances on ecosystem structure and dynamics.
- The mesocosms in this example, tomato plants, have been placed in a greenhouse to control the air, temperature, water, and light distribution in order to observe the effects when exposed to different amounts of each factor.
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- This site has an effect on the enzyme's activity, often by changing the conformation of the protein.
- This alteration of the protein's (the enzyme's) structure either increases or decreases its affinity for its substrate, with the effect of increasing or decreasing the rate of the reaction.
- This feedback type of control is effective as long as the chemical affecting it is bound to the enzyme.