Weimar Republic

Examples of Weimar Republic in the following topics:

• German Bauhaus Art

  • Germany's defeat in World War I, the fall of the German monarchy, and the abolition of censorship under the new, liberal Weimar Republic allowed an upsurge in artistic experimentation.
  • The school existed in three German cities: Weimar from 1919 to 1925, Dessau from 1925 to 1932 and Berlin from 1932 to 1933, under three different architect-directors: Walter Gropius from 1919 to 1928, Hannes Meyer from 1928 to 1930 andLudwig Mies van der Rohe from 1930 until 1933, when the school was closed by its own leadership under pressure from theNazi regime, having being painted as a centre of communist intellectualism.

• Neue Sachlichkeit

  • The New Objectivity (in German: Neue Sachlichkeit) is a term used to characterize the attitude of public life in Weimar Germany, as well as the art, literature, music, and architecture created to adapt to it.
  • As these artists rejected the self-involvement and romantic longings of the expressionists, Weimar intellectuals in general made a call to arms for public collaboration, engagement, and rejection of romantic idealism.
  • The movement essentially ended in 1933 with the fall of the Weimar Republic and the rise of the Nazis to power.

• German Expressionism

  • Expressionism was developed as an avant-garde style before the First World War and remained popular during the Weimar Republic, particularly in Berlin.

• Using Art

  • Hannah Hoch, Cut with the Dada Kitchen Knife through the Last Weimar Beer-Belly Cultural Epoch in Germany.
  • Hoch's Cut with the Dada Kitchen Knife through the Last Weimar Beer-Belly Cultural Epoch in Germany, is an example of art resulting from the Dadaism movement.

• Roman Sculpture under the Republic

  • However, Roman sculpture during the Republic departed from Greek traditions in several ways.
  • Portraiture throughout the Republic celebrated old age with its verism.
  • Patronage of public sculpture was not limited to the ruling classes during the Republic.
  • The deceased built the tomb for himself and perhaps his wife Atistia in the final decades of the Republic.
  • Roman portraiture during the Republic is identified by its considerable realism, known as veristic portraiture.

• Painting in the Romantic Period

  • Compared to English Romanticism, German Romanticism developed relatively late, and, in the early years, coincided with Weimar Classicism (1772–1805).

• The Role of Flanders

  • After the Siege of Antwerp (1584-1585), which ended the Eighty Years War, the Southern Provinces of the Netherlands (known as Flanders), remained under Spanish rule and were separated from the independent Northern Netherlands (known as the Dutch Republic).
  • Flanders was Catholic whereas the Dutch Republic was Protestant, which created a divide in the two regions' artistic themes and output.
  • In both Flanders and the Dutch Republic, this period is often known as the Dutch Golden Age, a time especially important for the arts.
  • Many artists fled the religious wars, moving from Flanders to the Dutch Republic.

• Modern Chinese Painting

  • Throughout the late 19th and 20th centuries, Chinese painting has evolved under the influence of the People's Republic and exposure to the West.
  • By the early years of the People's Republic of China (formed in 1949), however, artists were encouraged to employ socialist realism.
  • The Hundred Flowers Campaign was a period in the People's Republic of China during which the Communist Party of China encouraged its citizens to openly express their opinions of the communist regime.
  • The Cultural Revolution was a sociopolitical movement that took place in the People's Republic of China from 1966 until 1976.

• Roman Society

  • In the beginning of the Roman republic, plebeians could neither intermarry with patricians or hold elite status, but this changed by the Late Republic, when the plebeian-born Octavian rose to elite status and eventually became the first emperor.
  • Over the course of its history, Rome existed as a kingdom (hereditary monarchy), a republic (in which leaders were elected), and an empire (a kingdom encompassing a wider swath of territory).
  • Over the course of the Republic, the Senate reached the height of its power, with old-age becoming a symbol of prestige, as only elders could serve as senators.
  • However  the late Republic witnessed the beginning of its decline.
  • After Augustus ended the Republic to form the Empire, the Senate lost much of its power, and with the reforms of Diocletian in the third century CE, it became irrelevant.

• Ter Brugghen, van Honthorst, Hals, Leyster

  • Hendrick ter Brugghen, Gerrit van Honthorst, Frans Hals, and Judith Leyster were important genre painters of the Dutch Republic.
  • The Utrecht Caravaggisti Hendrick ter Brugghen and Gerrit van Honthorst, as well as Frans Hals and Judith Leyster, were genre painters of the Dutch Republic.
  • Honthorst returned to Utrecht in 1620 and went on to build a considerable reputation, both in the Dutch Republic and abroad.
  • Explain the importance of ter Brugghen, van Honthorst, Hals, and Leyster to genre painting of the Dutch Republic