timber

Examples of timber in the following topics:

• Norse Timber Architecture in the Early European Middle Ages

  • Timber architecture can be used to describe a period of medieval art in which two distinctive wood building traditions found their confluence in Norwegian architecture.
  • As political power in Norway was consolidated and had to contend with external threats, larger and more durable structures than the timber examples were built in accordance with military technology at the time.
  • The most commonly cited examples of timber architecture are the Norwegian stave churches.
  • A stave church is a medieval wooden church with a post and beam construction related to timber framing.
  • Identify the different kinds of timber structures created by the Vikings.

• Architecture of the Han Dynasty

  • Architecture from the Han Dynasty that has survived until today include ruins of brick and rammed earth walls (including above-ground city walls and underground tomb walls), rammed earth platforms for terraced altars and halls, funerary stone or brick pillar-gates, and scattered ceramic roof tiles that once adorned timber halls.
  • Timber was the chief building material in Han Dynasty architecture, used for grand palace halls, multi-story towers, multi-story residential halls, and humble abodes.
  • It is not known for certain whether or not miniature ceramic models of residential towers and watchtowers found in Han Dynasty tombs are completely faithful representations of such timber towers; nevertheless, they reveal vital clues about lost timber architecture.
  • Perhaps the most direct pieces of evidence to suggest that miniature ceramic tower models are faithful representations of real-life Han timber towers are the tile patterns.

• Architecture of the Early Dynastic Period

  • One of the most important indigenous woodworking techniques was the fixed mortise and tenon joint, where xed tenon was made by shaping the end of one timber to fit into a mortise (or hole) that is cut into a second timber.

• English Architecture in the Northern Renaissance

  • The houses and buildings of ordinary people were typically timber-framed, the frame usually filled with wattle and daub but occasionally with brick.
  • It also has visible timber framing, typical of vernacular Tudor architecture.
  • Little Moreton Hall, constructed in the mid-sixteenth century, is an example of a Tudor-style timber-frame house with a chimney stack and a jettied second floor visible from the exterior.

• German Gothic Architecture

  • The dwellings of this period were mainly timber-framed buildings, as can still be seen in Goslar and Quedlinburg.
  • Quedlinburg has one of the oldest half-timbered houses in Germany.

• Art under Napoleon

  • Buildings typically had simple timber frames and box-like constructions, veneered in expensive mahogany that was imported from the newly-acquired colonies.

• The Southwest

  • One of the most elaborate and largest ancient settlements is Chaco Canyon in New Mexico, which includes 15 major complexes of sandstone and timber.

• Architecture during the Tang Dynasty

  • The temple was built in 782 CE, and its Great Buddha Hall is currently China's oldest preserved timber building extant, as wooden buildings are often prone to fire and other destruction.
  • As the oldest extant timber-frame building in China, The Great Buddha Hall is an important building in the understanding of Chinese architectural history.

• Characteristics of Romanesque Architecture

  • In churches, typically the aisles are vaulted, but the nave is roofed with timber, as is the case at both Peterborough and Ely.
  • In Italy where open wooden roofs are common, and tie beams frequently occur in conjunction with vaults, the timbers have often been decorated, as at San Miniato al Monte, Florence.

• Architecture of the Holy Roman Empire

  • The dwellings of this period were mainly timber-framed buildings, as can still be seen in Goslar and Quedlinburg, the latter of which has one of the oldest half-timbered houses in Germany.