Reformation

Examples of Reformation in the following topics:

• Impact of the Protestant Reformation

  • The Reformation was a religious movement in the 16th century that resulted in the theological divide between Roman Catholics and Protestants.
  • The Protestant Reformation also capitalized on the popularity of printmaking in northern Europe.
  • During the early Reformation, some artists made paintings for churches that depicted the leaders of the Reformation in ways very similar to Catholic saints.
  • The Protestant Reformation induced a wave of iconoclasm, or the destruction of religious imagery, among the more radical evangelists.
  • Describe the Protestant Reformation and its effects on Western European art of the 16th century

• Mannerism and the Counter-Reformation

  • Mannerism concerned many Catholic leaders in the wake of the Reformation, as they were seen as lacking pious appeal.
  • Mannerism, as well as works from the High Renaissance, concerned many Catholic leaders in the wake of the Reformation, as they were seen as lacking pious appeal.
  • The reforms that resulted from this council are what set the basis for Counter-Reformation art.
  • Scipione Pulzone's Lamentation, a pious depiction of the Crucifixion, embodied a typical Counter-Reformation work.
  • Distinguish the artistic ideal of the Counter-Reformation from Mannerism and the art of the Reformation in Northern Europe

• Defining the Baroque Period

  • The most important factors during the Baroque era were the Reformation and the Counter-Reformation, with the development of the Baroque style considered to be linked closely with the Catholic Church.
  • The popularity of the style was in fact encouraged by the Catholic Church, which had decided at the Council of Trent that the arts should communicate religious themes and direct emotional involvement in response to the Protestant Reformation.

• The Northern Renaissance

  • The Northern Renaissance was also closely linked to the Protestant Reformation, and the long series of internal and external conflicts between various Protestant groups and the Roman Catholic Church had lasting effects.
  • For example, in England and the northern Netherlands, the Reformation nearly ended the tradition of religious painting.

• Spanish Painting in the Baroque Period

  • Spanish art, particularly that of Morales, contained a strong mark of mysticism and religion that was encouraged by the counter-reformation and the patronage of Spain's strongly Catholic monarchs and aristocracy.
  • The religious element in Spanish art, in many circles, grew in importance with the Counter-Reformation.
  • Philip IV actively patronized artists who agreed with his views on the Counter-Reformation and religion.
  • The Birth of the Virgin, by Francisco de Zurbarán, demonstrates the religious themes, particular the devotion to the Virgin Mary, which pervaded Counter-Reformation Spanish artwork.

• Italian Architecture in the Baroque Period

  • Whereas the Renaissance drew on the wealth and power of the Italian courts and was a blend of secular and religious forces, the Baroque was, initially at least, directly linked to the Counter-Reformation, a movement within the Catholic Church to reform itself in response to the Protestant Reformation.

• Painting under the Song Dynasty

  • On the other hand, Southern Song officials were more interested in reforming society from the bottom up and on a much smaller scale, a method they believed had a better chance for eventual success.
  • Adherents to Neo-Confucianism focused on reforming society from the bottom up, not the top down, which can be seen in their efforts to promote small private academies during the Southern Song instead of the large state-controlled academies seen in the Northern Song era.
  • Southern Song officials were interested in reforming society from the bottom up and on a small scale.

• Norman Painting

  • However, in the early 11th century, the dukes began a program of church reform, encouraging the Cluniac reform of monasteries and patronizing intellectual pursuits, especially the proliferation of scriptoria and the reconstitution of a compilation of lost illuminated manuscripts.
  • In Normandy, such pictures were systematically destroyed or whitewashed in bouts of iconoclasm during the Reformation.

• Rococo Architecture

  • The styles, despite both being richly decorated, also had different themes; the Baroque, for instance, was more serious, placing an emphasis on religion, and was often characterized by Christian themes (as a matter of fact, the Baroque began in Rome as a response to the Protestant Reformation); Rococo architecture was an 18th-century, more secular, adaptation of the Baroque which was characterized by more light-hearted and jocular themes.

• Japanese Art in the Showa Period

  • Allied occupation brought forth sweeping democratic reforms, leading to the end of the emperor's status as a living god and the transformation of Japan into a democracy with a constitutional monarch.
  • Create a timeline describing the upheaval, occupation, democratic reforms, and economic boom of the pre- and post-war Shōwa period.