Mongols

Examples of Mongols in the following topics:

• Influence of the Mongols

  • The Mongol Empire emerged in Central Asia during the 13th and 14th centuries.
  • The Mongol Empire emerged in Central Asia during the 13th and 14th centuries as the largest land empire in history.
  • The Mongol Empire was governed by a code of law instituted by Genghis and termed "Yassa," meaning "order."
  • Any resistance to Mongol rule was met with massive and collective punishment.
  • Already at the time of the Mongol empire, samples of Buddhist and Indian literature became known in Mongolia.

• Islamic Book Painting

  • The evolution of book painting first began in the 13th century, when the Mongols, under the leadership of Genghis Khan, swept through the Islamic world.
  • Architectural activity intensified as the Mongols became sedentary yet retained traces of their nomadic origins, such as the north-south orientation of buildings.
  • Influence from the Byzantine visual vocabulary (blue and gold coloring, angelic and victorious motifs, symbology of drapery) was combined with Mongol facial types seen in 12th-century book frontispieces.
  • The Jāmiʿ al-tawārīkh is a work of literature and history, produced by the Mongol Ilkhanate in Persia.

• The East

  • The name Mughal is derived from the original homelands of the Timurids, the Central Asian steppes once conquered by Genghis Khan and hence known as Moghulistan, "Land of Mongols. " Although early Mughals spoke the Chagatai language and maintained some Turko-Mongol practices, they became essentially Persianized and transferred the Persian literary and high culture to India, thus forming the base for the Indo-Persian culture and the spread of Islam in South Asia.
  • Mughal painting is generally confined to miniatures, either as book illustrations or as single works to be kept in albums, which emerged from Mongol Persian miniature painting, with Indian Hindu, Jain, and Buddhist influences .

• Architecture of the Qin Dynasty

  • Qin Shihuang, the first self-proclaimed emperor of the Qin Dynasty, developed plans to fortify his northern border in order to protect against the nomadic Mongols.

• Mughal Empire

  • The Mughals were a Muslim dynasty of Turkic-Mongol origin, descended from Genghis Khan and Timur.
  • The Mughal dynasty was founded by Babur (r. 1526-1530 CE), a Mongol-Turkic prince from Ferghana (modern Uzbekistan).

• Islamic Glass Making

  • Aleppo ceased to be a major center after the Mongol invasion of 1260, and Timur appears to have ended the Syrian industry around 1400 by carrying off the skilled workers to Samarkand.
  • Aleppo ceased to be a major center after the Mongol invasion of 1260, and Timur appears to have ended the Syrian industry around 1400 by carrying off the skilled workers to Samarkand.

• Painting under the Yuan Dynasty

  • With the fall of the Song Dynasty in 1279 and the subsequent dislocation caused by the establishment of the Yuan Dynasty by the Mongol conquerors, many court and literary artists retreated from social life.
  • There was also the vivid and detailed works of art by Qian Xuan (1235–1305), who had served the Song court and out of patriotism refused to serve the Mongols.

• Islamic Ceramics

  • Techniques, shapes, and decorative motifs of Chinese ceramics were admired and emulated by Islamic potters, especially after the Mongol and Timurid invasions.

• The Song Dynasty

  • Buddhism would not see a true revival in Chinese society until the Mongol rule of the Yuan Dynasty, with Kublai Khan's sponsorship of Tibetan Buddhism and Drogön Chögyal Phagpa as the leading lama.
  • The Christian sect of Nestorianism—which had entered China in the Tang era—would also be revived in China under Mongol rule.

• Architecture and Urban Planning under the Ming Dynasty

  • Beijing became the capital of China after the Mongol invasion of the 13th century, completing the easterly migration of the Chinese capital begun in the earlier Jin dynasty.