Start-ups

Examples of Start-ups in the following topics:

• The Collapse of Nazi Germany

  • Starting on January 12, 1945, the Red Army began the Vistula–Oder Offensive across the Narew River; and, from Warsaw, a three-day operation on a broad front, which incorporated four army Fronts. 
  • On the fourth day, the Red Army broke out and started moving west, up to 30 to 40 km (19 to 25 mi) per day, taking East Prussia, Danzig, and Poznań, drawing up on a line 60 km (37 mi) east of Berlin along the Oder River.
  • During April 20, 1945, the 1st Belorussian Front led by Marshal Georgy Zhukov started shelling Berlin's city center, while Marshal Ivan Konev's 1st Ukrainian Front had pushed from the south through the last formations of Army Group Center.
  • Identify the events leading up to the collapse of Nazi Germany

• "The War on Poverty"

  • The OEO was responsible for administering most of the War on Poverty programs, including VISTA, Job Corps, Head Start, Legal Services and the Community Action Program.
  • The OEO launched Project Head Start as an eight-week summer program in 1965.
  • President Johnson also launched Project Follow Through, implemented in 1967, to follow up with graduates of the Head Start program.

• The Consumer Revolution

  • Many of the colonies started as self-sufficient farming communities, but displayed regional areas of specialization by the 18th century.
  • Charter companies were made up of groups of stockholders, usually merchants and wealthy landowners, who sought personal economic gain and, in some cases, wanted to advance England's national goals.

• The North Africa Campaign

  • The Italians halted to bring up supplies, and Operation Compass, a British five-day raid in December 1940, led to the destruction of the Italian 10th Army.
  • They then pushed the Axis forces back to where they had started by the end of the year.
  • Operation Torch started on November 8, 1942, and finished on November 11.
  • Many of the Allied soldiers were tied up in garrison duties because of the uncertain status and intentions of the Vichy forces.
  • During the winter, there followed a period of stalemate, during which both sides continued to build up their forces.

• English Colonies

  • Starting in the 17th century, England established thirteen colonies in North America.
  • The Thirteen Colonies were the colonies on the Atlantic coast of North America, starting with Virginia in 1607 and ending with Georgia in 1733.
  • England made its first successful colonization efforts at the start of the 17th century.
  • It was expensive to start a colony; colonizers needed ships, people, equipment, security forces, building supplies, tools, weapons, and food.
  • After drawing up the Mayflower Compact, in which gave themselves broad powers of self-governance, they established the small Plymouth Colony.

• Japanese Incursions into China

  • As described, Japan and China had fought intermittently since 1931, but total war started in earnest in 1937.
  • It also made up more than 50% of the casualties in the Pacific War if the 1937–1941 period is taken into account.
  • Historians estimate up to 300,000 Chinese were mass murdered in the Nanking Massacre (also known as the "Rape of Nanking") after the fall of Nanking on December 13, 1937, while some Japanese deny the existence of a massacre .
  • At the start of 1938, the Japanese government still hoped to limit the scope of the conflict to occupying areas around Shanghai, Nanking, and most of northern China.
  • Describe the events leading up to the Japanese invasion of Manchuria, and the subsequent Second Sino-Japenese War.

• Tax Protests

  • The British responded by trying to crush traditional liberties in Massachusetts, leading to the American revolution starting in 1775.
  • By this point, the 13 colonies had organized themselves into the Continental Congress and began setting up shadow governments and drilling their militia in preparation for war.

• Modern Management

  • Railroad companies systematized the roles of middle managers and set up explicit career tracks.
  • Career tracks were offered to skilled blue-collar workers and white-collar managers, starting in railroads and expanding into finance, manufacturing, and trade.

• Anti-Slavery Resistance Movements

  • Slave resistance in the antebellum South did not gain the attention of academic historians until the 1940s when historian Herbert Aptheker started publishing the first serious scholarly work on the subject.
  • The 1811 German Coast Uprising, which took place outside of New Orleans, involved up to 500 slaves.
  • Turner's 1831 rebellion was considered by some to be the largest slave revolt in the history of the southern United States, involving up to 75 slaves.

• The Dutch Empire

  • In the belief that it was the best route to explore, Hudson entered the Upper New York Bay and sailed up the river which now bears his name.
  • In 1626, the Director of the Dutch West India Company, Peter Minuit, purchased the island of Manhattan from the Lenape and started the construction of Fort Amsterdam, which grew to become the main port and capital, New Amsterdam .
  • This conflict ended with the Treaty of Breda in which the Dutch gave up their claim to New Netherland in exchange for Suriname, a fertile plantation colony in South America.