Examples of steam power in the following topics:
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- Examples of the technological innovation of the Industrial Revolution include the invention of steam and coal engines.
- The First Industrial Revolution, which began in the 18th century, merged into the Second Industrial Revolution around 1850, when technological and economic progress gained momentum with the development of steam-powered ships, railways, and later in the 19th century with the internal combustion engine and electrical power generation.
- The introduction of steam power fuelled primarily by coal, wider utilization of water wheels, and powered machinery—mainly in textile manufacturing —underpinned the dramatic increases in production capacity.
- The Savery Engine, invented in 1698, was one of the first steam engines available commercially.
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- These innovations included wood to steel cars, iron to steel rails, stove-heated to steam-heated cars, gas lighting to electric lighting, diesel-powered to electric-diesel locomotives.
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- It also allowed for greater circulation of (sometimes revolutionary) ideas among the rising middle classes and peasants and threatened the traditional power monopoly of the ruling nobility.
- Key technologies developed during this period included the steam engine, new iron smelting methods, and the water frame, spinning Jenny, and spinning mule (in the textile industry).
- Spread of Internet connection is another powerful factor which facilitates rapid flows of information and interconnection between people in all corners of the globe.
- Poorer countries will rely on higher-income countries for support and guidance, thus widening (rather than narrowing) the power differential.
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- Legitimate power, power given to individuals willingly by others, is called "authority;" illegitimate power, power taken by force or the threat of force, is called "coercion. " In the corporate environment, power is often expressed as upward or downward.
- Power can be seen as evil or unjust, but the exercise of power is accepted as endemic to humans as social beings.
- Because power operates both relationally and reciprocally, sociologists speak of the balance of power between parties to a relationship.
- All parties to all relationships have some power.
- Compare the positives and negatives associated with the use of power and how power operates in society
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- Typically, the employer (or boss) has more power.
- By comparison, the employee has less power.
- Power can be seen as evil or unjust, but the exercise of power is accepted as endemic to humans as social beings.
- Thus power has a connotation of unilateralism.
- In one example, more powerful people turned off an irritatingly close fan twice as much as less powerful people.
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- Why does betweenness give an actor power or influence?
- How does Bonacich measure the power of an actor?
- Less powerful?
- are they the most powerful and influential?
- Who might be central, but not powerful?
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- Dictatorships govern without consent of the people and in totalitarian dictatorships the power to govern extends to all aspects of life.
- Dictatorship is a form of government in which the ruler has the power to govern without consent of those being governed.
- A dictator's power can originate in his or her family, political position, or military authority.
- In other words, dictatorship concerns the source of the governing power (where the power comes from—the people or a single leader) and totalitarianism concerns the scope of the governing power (what is the government and how extensive is its power).
- In this sense, dictatorship (government without people's consent) exists in contrast with democracy (government whose power comes from people) and totalitarianism (where government controls every aspect of people's lives) exists in contrast with pluralism (where government allows multiple lifestyles and opinions) .
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- In social science and politics, power is the ability to influence the behavior of people.
- The term authority is often used for power perceived as legitimate by the social structure.
- Power can be seen as evil or unjust, but the exercise of power is accepted as endemic to (or regularly found in) humans as social beings.
- Because power operates both relationally and reciprocally, sociologists speak of the balance of power between people in a relationship.
- Given that power is not innate and can be granted to others, to acquire power you must possess or control a form of power currency (such as wealth, social status, authority, etc.).
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- Authority refers to the use of power that is seen as legitimate or socially approved/recognized.
- Authority only lasts so long as people recognize the legitimacy of power.
- But when people begin to question the legitimacy of that power, it loses authority.
- Without authority, Britain's power had to be backed by force.
- Power can be exerted by the use of force or violence.
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- Conflict theory suggests that men, as the dominant gender, subordinate women in order to maintain power and privilege in society.
- In the context of gender, conflict theory argues that gender is best understood as men attempting to maintain power and privilege to the detriment of women.
- While certain gender roles may have been appropriate in a hunter-gatherer society, conflict theorists argue that the only reason these roles persist is because the dominant group naturally works to maintain their power and status.
- Therefore, their approach is normative in that it prescribes changes to the power structure, advocating a balance of power between genders.
- Men, like any other group with a power or wealth advantage, fought to maintain their control over resources (in this case, political and economic power).