personal space

Examples of personal space in the following topics:

• Personal Space

  • Personal space is the region surrounding people that they regard as psychologically their own.
  • An example of the cultural determination of personal space is how urbanites accept the psychological discomfort of someone intruding upon their personal space more readily than someone unused to urban life.
  • Living in the city alters the development of one's sense of personal space.
  • Most people value their personal space and feel discomfort, anger, or anxiety when that space is encroached.
  • Permitting a person to enter personal space and entering somebody else's personal space are indicators of how the two people view their relationship.

• Norms

  • Students demonstrate social norms of personal space by violating the norms.

• Social Interaction in Urban Areas

  • Contact with the hypothetical person that Georg Simmel calls "the stranger" changes the way urban dwellers think about intimacy, personal space, and casual interactions.
  • Contact with the hypothetical person that Georg Simmel calls "the stranger" changes the way urban dwellers think about intimacy, personal space, and casual interactions.
  • Despite the relatively recent ascent of urban sociology, sociologists have long studied the sociological implications of space.
  • The other strand of analysis asks more pointed questions about how the architecture and physical space of a city influence social interactions.
  • This second set of questions is taken up by urban planners, architects, and, in the social sciences, by individuals who study the sociology of architecture and the sociology of space.

• Summary

  • We also briefly examined the utility of two-mode graphs (bi-parite graphs) in visualizing the "social space" defined by both actors and events.
  • These methods (best applied to valued data) seek to identify underlying "dimensions" of the actor-event space, and them map both actors and events in this space.
  • The goal of these methods is to assess how well the observed patterns of actor-event affiliations fit some prior notions of the nature of the "joint space" (i.e.
  • Two-mode analysis of social networks need not be limited to individual persons and their participation in voluntary activities (as in the cases of our examples, and the original Davis study discussed at the beginning of this chapter).

• Psychological Approaches to the Self

  • They might ask themselves the question, "what kind of person am I?
  • It signifies the coherent whole, unifying both the conscious and unconscious mind of a person.
  • This total personality included within it the ego, consciousness, and the unconscious mind.
  • In addition to being the center of the psyche, Jung also believed the Self was autonomous, meaning that it exists outside of time and space.
  • Discuss the development of a person's identity in relation to both the Kohut and Jungian self

• The Nature of a Family

  • Occasionally, there emerge new concepts of family that break with traditional conceptions of family, or those that are transplanted via migration, but these beliefs do not always persist in new cultural space.
  • Consanguinity is defined as the property of belonging to the same kinship as another person.
  • In that respect, consanguinity is the quality of being descended from the same ancestor as another person.

• Values

  • Values reflect a person's sense of right and wrong, or what "ought" to be.
  • Members take part in a culture even if each member's personal values do not entirely agree with some of the normative values sanctioned in the culture.
  • Punk social groups are often considered marginal and are excluded from certain mainstream social spaces.

• Nonverbal Communication

  • Posture, or a person's bodily stance, communicates much about a person's perspectives.
  • These nonverbal behaviors can indicate a person's feelings and attitudes.
  • Studies investigating the impact of posture on interpersonal relationships suggest that mirror-image congruent postures, where one person's left side is parallel to the other person's right side, lead communicators to think favorably about their exchange.
  • For example, in the Western world, waving one's hand back and forth communicates "hello" or "goodbye. " Emblem gestures can vary by cultural space so widely that a common gesture in one context is offensive in another.
  • The types of clothing an individual wears convey nonverbal clues about his or her personality, background, and financial status.

• Disengagement Theory

  • The disengagement theory of aging claims that it is natural and acceptable for older adults to withdraw from society and personal relationships as they age.
  • The disengagement theory of aging claims that it is natural and acceptable for older adults to withdraw from society and personal relationships as they age.
  • As a result, every person will lose ties to others in his or her society.
  • If individuals abandon their central roles, they drastically lose social life space, and so suffer crisis and demoralization unless they assume the different roles required by the disengaged state.
  • Postulate seven: Readiness for disengagement occurs if the individual is aware of the shortness of life and scarcity of time, the individual perceives his or her life space decreasing, and the individual loses ego energy.

• Activity Theory

  • These activities, especially when meaningful, help the elderly to replace lost life roles after retirement and, therefore, resist the social pressures that limit an older person's world.
  • However, withdrawing from their central societal roles—working, marriage, raising a family—means they drastically lose social life space and so suffer crisis and demoralization.