native speaker

Examples of native speaker in the following topics:

• English as a Second Language

  • English as a second language (ESL) refers to the use or study of English by speakers with different native languages.
  • At this age, they could have been taught English in school and achieved a proficiency indistinguishable from a native speaker.
  • At this age, they could have been taught English in school, and achieved a proficiency indistinguishable from a native speaker.
  • ELL students often have difficulty interacting with native speakers.
  • ELL students also have trouble getting involved with extracurricular activities with native speakers for similar reasons.

• Race Relations in Mexico: The Color Hierarchy

  • While indigeneity is associated with Native American biological descent, it is defined culturally rather than genetically.
  • Indigenous groups are formally defined in Mexico as groups that speak one of sixty-two officially recognized indigenous languages; while indigeneity is associated with Native American biological descent, it is defined culturally rather than genetically.
  • Generally speaking, Mexican ethnic and racial relations can be arranged on an axis between two extremes, European and Native American heritage.
  • This map shows the regions where there are over 100,000 speakers of particular indigenous languages.
  • This artist's rendering of the Spanish racial/ethnic caste system imposed in Mexico during the colonial period illustrates the hierarchy from white Europeans to dark-skinned Native Americans or indigenous people.

• Tilting the Tests: Discrimination by IQ

  • Despite his warnings, the tests were used to evaluate draftees for World War I, and researchers found that people of southern and eastern European backgrounds scored lower than native-born Americans.
  • It was not until later that researchers realized that lower language skills by new English speakers affected their scores on the tests.

• Racism

  • African American and Native American students with high GPAs are rejected by their peers while Asian American and white students with high GPAs experience greater social acceptance.
  • Further, textbooks generally leave anti-racist speakers and activists (like Marie Stewart in the 1830's or Ida Wells Barnett in the 1890's) and facts that demonstrate that American history has not been a steady movement toward racial progress (like the existence of African American major league baseball players in the 1800's well before Jackie Robinson or the existence of African-American political and economic institutions dating back to the late 1800's) out of the American origin story, which leaves the impression that past racism occurred without opposition and always got better (instead of merely different) over time (e.g., that's just the way it was back then explanations that allow white society to avoid taking responsibility for our racial heritage).
  • Take, for example, magazine covers and videos that position African American athletes and singers in "jungle" themed decorations, costumes, and settings that mirror colonial depictions of African and Native American slaves long used to justify scientific, religious, and economic exploitation of racial minorities.

• Migration

  • Close to 37% of Americans have never moved from the community in which they were born.There are wide variations in native inhabitants, however: 76% of Texans were born in-state while only 14% of Nevadans were born in-state.Some states lose a large number of people who were born in the state as well, like Alaska, where only 28% of the people born in that state have remained there.Immigration is often a controversial topic, for a variety of reasons, though many have to do with competition between those already living in the destination location and those arriving in that location.One recent study finds that one type of competition between immigrants and non-immigrants may be overstated.Some people have suggested that natives' opportunities to attend college are negatively impacted through competition with immigrants.Neymotin (2009) finds that competition with immigrants does not harm the educational outcomes of U.S. natives and may in fact facilitate college attending.

• Race and Ethnicity in the U.S.

  • Native Americans, who did not immigrate but rather inhabited the land prior to immigration, experienced displacement as a result.
  • Since its early history, Native Americans, African Americans, and European Americans were considered as different races in the United States.
  • The brutal confrontation between the European colonists and the Native Americans, which resulted in the decimation of the latter's population, is well known as an historical tragedy.
  • The eradication of Native American culture continued until the 1960s, when Native Americans were able to participate in, and benefit from, the civil rights movement.
  • Native Americans still suffer the effects of centuries of degradation.

• Social Construct or Biological Lineage?

  • Native Americans, on the other hand, were classified based on a certain percentage of Indian blood.
  • Contrast the African criteria with that of Native Americans; a person of Native American and African parentage automatically was classified as African.
  • Native Americans had treaty rights to land, but individuals with only one Indian great-grandparent were no longer classified as Native American, disenfranchising them from their claims to Native American lands.
  • Of course, the same individuals who could be denied legal claim to Native American lands because they were too White, were still Native American enough to be considered half-breeds and were stigmatized as a result.
  • Although European immigrants to the Americas initially attempted to enslave Native people, their efforts were often subverted due to Native understandings of the land.

• Cultural Change

  • Acculturation has different meanings, but in this context refers to replacement of the traits of one culture with those of another (through force, negotiation, and / or agreement), such as what happened with many Native American Indians as Europeans took over their lands.
  • Many Native Americans were acculturated into European norms, beliefs, and values, from religion to how to raise children because Europeans believed Natives could not adopt these cultural practices.
  • When Natives proved able to practice religion and parenthood in non-European ways, however, many of them were put to death, sent to conditioning camps, and / or moved into uncultivated western lands where they were required to form their own communities based on European values and practices.

• Change in Marriage Rate

  • This results in a high percentage of single mother households among African Americans compared with other ethnic groups (White, African American, Native Americans, Asian, Hispanic).
  • Native Americans have the second lowest marriage rate at 37.9%.
  • Whites, African Americans, and Native Americans have the highest rates of being widowed, ranging from 5%-6.5%.
  • They also have the highest rates of divorce among the three, ranging from 11%-13%, with Native Americans having the highest divorce rate.

• Assimilation

  • Full assimilation occurs when new members of a society become indistinguishable from native members.
  • By measuring socioeconomic status, researchers seek to determine whether immigrants eventually catch up to native-born people in matters of capital.
  • The three-generation model of language assimilation states that the first generation makes some progress in language assimilation but retains primary fluency in their native tongue, while the second generation is bilingual and the third generation speaks only English.