formal employment

Examples of formal employment in the following topics:

• The Feminization of Poverty

  • Examples of types of informal employment that are dominated by women include childcare, eldercare, housecleaning, and sex work, among many others.
  • Employment can be divided into informal and formal occupations.
  • Formal employment is government regulated, and workers are insured a wage and certain rights.
  • Informal employment takes place in small, unregistered enterprises.
  • A large proportion of women are employed in informal workplaces, reducing the regulation of their employment.

• Informal Economy

  • This is in contrast to the formal economy; a formal economy includes economic activity that is legal according to national law.
  • It was used to describe a type of employment that was viewed as falling outside of the modern industrial sector.
  • For example, with the adoption of more technologically intensive forms of production, many workers have been forced out of formal sector work and into informal employment.
  • This video describes how the informal economy fails to provide some of the same social benefits as work in the formal economy.
  • Analyze the impact of the informal economy on formal economy, such as the black market or working "under the table"

• The Credentialized Society

  • For example, an employer may require a diploma, professional license, or academic degree.
  • In some cases, employers may require formal credentials, such as an advanced academic degree, for a job that can be done perfectly well by applying skills acquired through experience or informal study.
  • Rather than measure or evaluate those skills directly, employers assume that anyone able to earn a credential must possess those skills.

• Gender

  • Women workers are often used as a source of cheap labor in informal economies, or employment domains that are not regulated by governments and law enforcement.
  • In formal economies, women often receive less pay and have less chances for promotion than men.
  • This phenomenon is referred to as the gender gap in employment.
  • Many employers choose men over women because women are "at risk" of having a child, even though they may not want to have children.
  • Describe the effects of gender discrimination on women's employment and wealth

• Education and the Global Perspective

  • Due to population growth and the proliferation of compulsory education, UNESCO has calculated that in the next 30 years, more people will receive formal education than in any prior period of human history.
  • In its narrowest, most technical sense, education is the formal process (e.g., instruction in schools) by which society deliberately passes accumulated knowledge, skills, customs, and values from one generation to the next.
  • This emerging system proved to be beneficial for both the employer and the employee; improved job skills increased efficiency and lowered costs for employers, while skilled employees received higher wages.
  • Indigenous education refers to the inclusion of indigenous knowledge, models, methods, and content within formal and non-formal educational systems.

• Formal Structure

  • Formal structure of an organization or group includes a fixed set of rules for intra-organization procedures and structures.
  • In some societies and organizations, such rules may be strictly followed; in others, they may be little more than an empty formalism.
  • A formal organization has its own set of distinct characteristics.
  • Formal rules are often adapted to subjective interests giving the practical everyday life of an organization more informality.
  • A formal organization is a fixed set of rules of intra-organization procedures and structures.

• Poverty

  • They live in poverty, as the term is used colloquially, and likely fall under formal income thresholds that designate individuals as officially poor.
  • "Life chances" is a term used to describe someone's access to marketplace resources—essentially, how likely it is in their environment that they might be able to find employment or have a social safety net.

• Urban Decline

  • San Antonio, Texas is an example of a U.S. city that formally adopted the precepts of New Urbanism in an attempt to eradicate urban decline.
  • Given that economic fluctuations have such profound effects on urban development, it makes sense that issues associated with the modern iteration of urban decline began during the Industrial Revolution, the time period in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century when rural people flocked to cities for employment in manufacturing.
  • However, subsequent economic changes left many newly-grown cities economically vulnerable and marred with employment factors that contribute to urban decline.

• Race and Ethnicity in the U.S.

  • Even after the establishment of the United States government, discrimination against Native Americans was codified and formalized in a series of laws intended to subjugate them and keep them from gaining any power.
  • The major blow to America's formally institutionalized racism was the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
  • Some sociologists, however, would argue that institutionalized racism persists, especially since African Americans still fair poorly in terms of employment, insurance coverage, and incarceration, as well as in the areas of economics, health, and education.

• Postponing Job Hunting

  • Job hunting is the act of looking for employment, due to unemployment or discontent with a current position.
  • Job hunting is the act of looking for employment, due to unemployment or discontent with a current position.
  • The immediate goal of job seeking is usually to obtain a job interview with an employer which may lead to getting hired.
  • The job hunter typically first looks for job vacancies or employment opportunities.
  • Many job seekers research the employers to which they are applying, and some employers see evidence of this as a positive sign of enthusiasm for the position or the company, or as a mark of thoroughness.