demographic transition

Examples of demographic transition in the following topics:

• The Demographic Transition

  • The demographic transition is a model and theory describing the transition from high birth rates and death rates to low birth and death rates that occurs as part of the economic development of a country.
  • The transition from high rates to low rates is referred to as the demographic transition.
  • This understanding of societal changes is based on the work of Thompson, Blacker, and Notestein, who derived the model based on changes in demographics over the preceding two hundred years or so.
  • The beginning of the demographic transition in a society is indicated when death rates drop without a corresponding fall in birth rates (usually the result of improved sanitation and advances in healthcare).
  • Countries in the second stage of the demographic transition (see diagram) experience a large increase in population.

• Population Trends

  • Most European nations are examples of countries at the end of the demographic transition: both birth and death rates are low, so populations are static or shrinking.
  • The demographic transition helps explain the differences between countries.
  • The demographic transition refers to the shift from high birth rates and death rates to low birth and death rates; this occurs as part of the economic development of a country.
  • Others argue that economic development is the best way to reduce population growth because economic development can spur demographic transitions that lead to reduced fertility rates.
  • This model illustrates the demographic transition, as birth and death rates rise and fall but eventually reach equilibrium.

• Demographic Transition Theory

  • Demographic transition theory outlines five stages of change in birth and death rates to predict the growth of populations.
  • Demographic transition theory (Caldwell and Caldwell 2006) suggests that future population growth will develop along a predictable four- or five-stage model.
  • It is important to note that birth rate decline is caused also by a transition in values; not just because of the availability of contraceptives.
  • Many countries such as China, Brazil and Thailand have passed through the Demographic Transition Model (DTM) very quickly due to fast social and economic change.
  • Break down the demographic transition model/theory into five recognizable stages based on how countries reach industrialization

• Population Growth and Overpopulation

  • Others argue that economic development is the best way to reduce population growth as economic development can spur demographic transitions that seem to naturally lead to reductions in fertility rates.
  • Once countries pass through the demographic transition, some experience fertility rate decreases so substantial that they fall well below replacement level and their populations begin to shrink (as has Russia's in recent years, though emigration has also played a role in Russia's population decline).

• Urban Gentrification

  • In five years, from 1977 to 1982, the gentrification of Darien Street replaced the original population, transitioning from seven black households and one white household to two black households and eleven white households.
  • The demographic explanation emphasizes the impact of the baby boomer generation, born after World War II.
  • Discuss the process of gentrification based on three models - demographic, sociocultural and political/economy

• Children of Divorce and Impact of Divorce

  • Although divorce may be beneficial in some instances, high-conflict divorce (especially during transition periods) is harmful to children.
  • The best practice to avoid problems for children is to spend more or equal time with them while minimizing the amount of transitions for the children.
  • Demographers estimate that baby boomers who remain unmarried will face more financial struggles than those who are married.

• Transitivity

  • The remaining types of triads display varying degrees of transitivity.
  • For data of this type, the default definition of transitivity (i.e.
  • Network>Cohesion>Transitivity also provides some alternative definitions of what it means for a triad to be transitive which are useful for valued data.
  • After performing a census of all possible triads, Network>Cohesion>Transitivity reports that it finds 146 transitive (directed) triples.
  • This shows that 20.28% of all triads are transitive.

• The Transfer of Authority

  • A presidential transition refers to the period of time between the end of a presidential election and the inauguration of a new president.
  • In the United States, the presidential transition extends from the date of the presidential election, in early November, until the twentieth day of January in the following year.
  • During a presidential transition, the outgoing president, also known as the "lame duck," has lost many of the intangible benefits of a presidency.
  • In other nations, many of which have experienced undemocratic governments and dictators, transitional justice refers to a state's efforts to address past human rights violations.
  • In the context of transitional justice, memorialization is used to honor the victims of human rights abuses.

• History

  • Censuses, another demographic tool, were institued for primarily political purposes:
  • The development of demographic calculations started in the 18th century.

• Introduction

  • Demographic analysis can relate to whole societies or to smaller groups defined by criteria such as education, religion, or ethnicity.