crude death rate

(noun)

the total number of deaths per year per 1000 people

Related Terms

Examples of crude death rate in the following topics:

  • Mortality

    • If you have a tank of one thousand goldfish and 100 die in the first year, they exhibit a mortality rate, or crude death rate, of 100 deaths/1000 members of the population, or 10%.
    • This measure is also called the crude death rate.
    • As of July 2009 the crude death rate for the whole world is about 8.37 per 1000 per year according to the current CIA World Factbook.
    • The crude death rate is a measure of how many people per 1000 members of a population die each year.
    • Explain the various ways mortality is calculated, such as the crude death rate, infant mortality rate and life expectancy

  • Data and Methods

    • ., birth, death, marriage registrations).
    • crude birth rate: the annual number of live births per thousand people
    • crude death rate: the annual number of deaths per 1000 people
    • infant mortality rate: the annual number of deaths of children less than 1 year old per thousand live births
    • Note that the crude death rate as defined above and applied to a whole population can give a misleading impression.

  • Fertility

    • There are a number of different approaches to measuring fertility rate—such as crude birth rate (CBR), general fertility rate (GFR), child-woman ratio (CWR), total fertility rate (TFR), gross reproduction rate (GRR), and net reproduction rate (NRR).
    • Crude birth rate (CBR) is the number of live births in a given year per 1,000 people alive at the middle of that year.
    • TFR equals the sum for all age groups of 5 times each ASFR rate.
    • The TFR (or TPFR—total period fertility rate) is a better index of fertility than the crude birth rate because it is independent of the age structure of the population, but it is a poorer estimate of actual completed family size than the total cohort fertility rate.
    • Gross reproduction rate (GRR) is the number of girl babies who would be born to a woman completing her reproductive life at current age-specific fertility rates.

  • The Demographic Transition

    • The demographic transition is a model and theory describing the transition from high birth rates and death rates to low birth and death rates that occurs as part of the economic development of a country.
    • In pre-industrial societies, population growth is relatively slow because both birth and death rates are high.
    • In most post-industrial societies, birth and death rates are both low.
    • This is depicted in the diagram when death rates fall in stage two but birth rates do not fall until stage three.
    • By the end of stage three, birth rates drop to fall in line with the lower death rates.

  • Demographic Transition Theory

    • Demographic transition theory outlines five stages of change in birth and death rates to predict the growth of populations.
    • In stage one, pre-industrial society, death rates and birth rates are high and roughly in balance.
    • In Europe, the death rate decline started in the late 18th century in northwestern Europe and spread to the south and east over approximately the next 100 years.
    • During stage four there are both low birth rates and low death rates.
    • By the late 20th century, birth rates and death rates in developed countries leveled off at lower rates.

  • Three Demographic Variables

    • The basics of demographic population growth depend on the rate of natural increase (births versus deaths) and net migration.
    • Human population growth depends on the rate of natural increase, or the fertility rate minus the mortality rate, and net migration.
    • (Births - Deaths) +/- ((In-Migration) - (Out Migration)) = Population Change.
    • As this equation shows, population change depends on three variables: (1) the natural increase changes seen in birth rates, (2) the natural decrease changes seen in death rates, and (3) the changes seen in migration.
    • Natural increase refers to the increase in population not due to migration, and it can be calculated with the fertility rate and the mortality rate.

  • Population Trends

    • Countries in Africa that have had an influx of wealth and international aid in recent decades are example of countries towards the beginning of the demographic transition—death rates have fallen with better access to nutrition and healthcare, but birth rates are still high, so populations have grown rapidly.
    • Most European nations are examples of countries at the end of the demographic transition: both birth and death rates are low, so populations are static or shrinking.
    • The demographic transition refers to the shift from high birth rates and death rates to low birth and death rates; this occurs as part of the economic development of a country.
    • The basic premises of the theory are as follows: in pre-industrial societies, population growth is relatively slow because both birth and death rates are high; as countries develop, death rates fall faster than birth rates do, resulting in large population growth; as development stabilizes, birth rates drop off and the population stabilizes .
    • This model illustrates the demographic transition, as birth and death rates rise and fall but eventually reach equilibrium.

  • Problems in Forecasting Population Growth

    • Population growth is difficult to predict because unforeseen events can alter birth rates, death rates, migration, or resource limitations.
    • The Green Revolution is an example of rapidly changing technology that lowered worldwide death rates, thus throwing off estimates of population change.
    • Population growth is difficult to predict because unforeseen events can alter birth rates, death rates, migration, or the resource limits on population growth.
    • At the same time, death rates can also increase unexpectedly due to disease, wars, and other mass catastrophes.
    • Explain the various ways sociologist try to estimate the rate of population growth, such as through fertility, birth and death rates

  • Implications of Different Rates of Growth

    • Different rates of growth can lead to overpopulation or underpopulation, both of which have potential consequences.
    • Fertility rates refer to the rates of birth per 1,000 women of reproductive age in a given population.
    • Fertility rates above the replacement level will cause the population to grow; fertility rates below the replacement level will cause the population to shrink.
    • However, in some countries the birth rate is falling while the death rate is not, leading to a decline in the population growth rate.
    • The population growth rate has been decreasing in higher income countries; however the number of people added to the global population each year continues to increase due to increasing growth rates in lower income countries.

  • The Health of Infants and Children

    • Diarrheal diseases cause an estimated 1.4 million deaths per year in children under 5 years old.
    • In developing countries, diarrheal diseases are also a leading cause of death from infections among persons with HIV.
    • Lack of access to water and sanitation and poor hygiene are responsible for most of these deaths.
    • Vaccines can prevent pneumonia and diarrhea, the two leading causes of death among children under age 5.
    • Improved pre- and post-natal care, as well as more accessible information about infant health, could help reduce the infant mortality rate.