Examples of civil society in the following topics:
-
- Putnam has argued that even non-political organizations in civil society are vital for democracy.
- Others, however, have questioned how democratic civil society actually is.
- It has also been argued that civil society is biased towards the global north.
- Partha Chatterjee has argued that, in most of the world, "civil society is demographically limited. " For Jai Sen, civil society is a neo-colonial project driven by global elites in their own interests.
- Formulate an argument which advocates for a strong civil society based on the definitions of civil society in this text
-
- In classical thought, the state was identified with political society and civil society as a form of political community.
- In contrast, modern thought distinguishes the nation state as a political society from civil society as a form of economic society.
- Civil society is the arena outside of the family, the state, and the market where people associate to advance common interests.
- It is sometimes considered to include the family and the private sphere and then referred to as the third sector of society, distinct from government and business.
-
- Culture is what differentiates one group or society from the next; different societies have different cultures.
- Culture is what differentiates one group or society from the next.
- Different societies have different cultures; however it is important not to confuse the idea of culture with society.
- Neither society nor culture could exist without the other.
- This concept of culture reflected inequalities within European societies and their colonies around the world; in short, it equates culture with civilization and contrasts both with nature or non-civilization.
-
- Individual human societies may each define crime and crimes differently, in different localities, and at different time stages of the crime.
- While every crime violates the law, not every violation of the law counts as a crime; for example, breaches of contract and of other civil law may rank as "offenses" or as "infractions. " Modern societies generally regard crimes as offenses against the public or the state, as distinguished from torts, which are wrongs against private parties that can give rise to a civil cause of action.
- This approach considers the complex realities surrounding the concept of crime and seeks to understand how changing social, political, psychological, and economic conditions may affect changing definitions of crime and the form of the legal, law-enforcement, and penal responses made by society.
- One can view criminalization as a procedure deployed by society as a pre-emptive, harm-reduction device, using the threat of punishment as a deterrent to anyone proposing to engage in the behavior causing harm.
- Criminology is the scientific study of the nature, extent, causes, and control of criminal behavior in both the individual and in society.
-
- Societies have also at times required marriage from within a certain group.
- The participants in a marriage usually seek social recognition for their relationship, and many societies require official approval of a religious or civil body.
- In many jurisdictions, the civil marriage ceremony may take place during the religious marriage ceremony, although they are theoretically distinct.
- Conversely, there are people who have religious ceremonies that are not recognized by civil authorities.
- It was a significant step towards a clear separation of church and state and advance toward a secular society when German Chancellor Otto von Bismarck introduced the Zivilehe (civil marriage) in 1875.
-
- Social cycle theories argue that historical events and the different stages of society generally go through recurring cycles.
- Unlike the theory of social evolutionism, which views the evolution of society and human history as progressing in some new, unique direction(s), sociological cycle theory argues that events and stages of society and history generally repeat themselves in cycles.
- In Rossiia i Europa (1869), he differentiated between various smaller civilizations (Egyptian, Chinese, Persian, Greek, Roman, German, and Slav, among others) and asserted that each civilization has a life cycle.
- To illustrate this claim, he pointed out that by the end of the 19th century the Roman-German civilization was in decline, while the Slav civilization was approaching its Golden Age .
- He classified societies according to their "cultural mentality. " which can be ideational (reality is spiritual), sensate (reality is material), or idealistic (a synthesis of the two).
-
- Today we take it for granted that different societies are governed by different states, but this has not always been the case.
- The first known states were created in Ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia, India, China, the Americas (e.g., Aztec civilization, Inca civilization).
- Wittfogel argued that most of the earliest states were formed in hydraulic civilizations, by which he meant civilizations where leaders controlled people by controlling the water supply.
- Often, these civilizations relied on complex irrigation systems that had to be centrally managed.
- In hydraulic civilizations, control over water concentrated power in central despotic states.
-
- Most modern Western societies are recognized as secular because they enjoy near-complete freedom of religion.
- In studies of religion, modern Western societies are generally recognized as secular.
- Secularization is the transformation of a society from close identification with religious values and institutions toward nonreligious values and secular institutions.
- This can refer to reducing ties between a government and a state religion, replacing laws based on scripture with civil laws, and eliminating discrimination on the basis of religion.
- Differentiation refers to the increasing division of labor and occupational specialization in society.
-
- When the state kills Katie, it is enacting its authority to use the death penalty to protect society.
- In democratic societies the goals and mechanisms of formal social control are determined through legislation by elected representatives.
- Within the civil law context, sanctions are usually monetary fines.
- By this, Weber means that the state is the only institution within a society who can legitimately exercise violence on society's members.
- When the state kills Katie, it is enacting its authority to use the death penalty to protect society.
-
- In The Division of Labor in Society, Emile Durkheim outlined two theories that attempt to explain how social order and solidarity is established and maintained.
- Durkheim argued solidarity is significant because it is a necessary component of a functioning civilization and a necessary component of a fulfilling human life.
- Durkheim described two forms of solidarity: mechanical and organic, roughly corresponding to smaller and larger societies.
- Normally operating in small-scale "traditional" societies, mechanical solidarity often describes familial networks; it is often seen as a function of individuals being submerged in a collective consciousness.
- Organic solidarity is born from the interdependence of individuals in more advanced societies, particularly professional dependence.